https://www.selleckchem.com/products/deferiprone.html RESULTS The VAS was significantly lower after bilateral submandibular duct ligation at follow-up compared to BoNT-A treatment (mean difference -33, p≤0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI]=-43.3 to -22.9). The mean drooling quotient did not significantly differ between BoNT-A treatment and bilateral submandibular duct ligation at follow-up (3.3, p=0.457; 95% CI=-4.35 to 9.62) or between 8 and 32 weeks (4.7, p=0.188; 95% CI=-2.31 to 11.65). INTERPRETATION BoNT-A treatment and bilateral submandibular duct ligation are both effective treatment modalities for drooling. At 32-week follow-up, subjective drooling severity after bilateral submandibular duct ligation was significantly lower compared to previous BoNT-A injections in participants. However, treatment success with BoNT-A is no precursor to achieving success with bilateral submandibular duct ligation. © 2020 The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Mac Keith Press.22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is characterized by a heterogeneous phenotype, including alterations in phospho-calcium metabolism and immunodeficiency. We analyzed vitamin D status and the immune assessment, focusing on T cell subpopulations and dendritic cells (DCs) in a cohort of 17 pediatric 22q11.2DS patients and 17 age-matched healthy subjects. As antigen presenting cells, DCs are the main target of vitamin D, promoting a tolerogenic T-cell response. Patients were subdivided into three groups according to the parameters of phospho-calcium metabolism and serum levels of 25OHD normal values, vitamin D deficiency, and hypoparathyroidism. Different degrees of T cell deficiency, ranging from normal/partial T cell number were observed in the cohort of patients. The group with vitamin D deficiency showed a significant reduction of naïve T cells and a significant increase of central memory T cells compared to controls. In this group the nu