Hand washing 7-10 times/day and >10 times/day increased the relative risk by 1.83 and 2.23 times, respectively.
 
  A higher frequency of hand washing during the COVID-19 reopening increased the incidence of ICD in children. Hand hygiene is essential in our fight against novel coronavirus, but prophylactic initiatives are important to reduce the possible long-term consequences of ICD in children.
 
  none TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04375410).
 none TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04375410).Real-world evidence (RWE) is gaining traction in political and scientific debate. The RWE debate revitalises discussions about causal inference by challenging the randomised controlled trial as a gold standard for demonstrating drug efficacy and effectiveness. This article outlines methodological challenges and possibilities for using RWE in regulatory drug approval. We argue, that more precise terminology and methodological considerations about study designs and data quality is needed, if the RWE debate is to inform new standards for evidence-based decision-making.The ageing process is associated with somatic mutations in haematopoietic stem cells, which can lead to clonal haematopoiesis. Recently, clonal haematopoiesis has emerged as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and the underlying mechanisms likely involve heightened inflammatory responses in leukocytes derived from mutated clones. This review outlines the concept of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and summarises epidemiological and experimental evidence, which support the notion that clonal haematopoiesis-mediated inflammation contributes to cardiovascular disease.Coronary stent loss is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) if displacement and embolisation occur in a coronary artery or a cerebral vessel. In this case report a distally dislodged stent and the surgical removal of it is described. Removal of the stent was attempted after failed PCI, but the stent was lost at the puncture site of the left radial artery. The lost stent displaced itself more distally and gave rise to pain in the left hand. The patient was referred to an orthopaedic surgeon, who removed the lost stent successfully by an arterial cutdown.In this case report, a 71-year-old female developed headache and nausea and signs of brain stem involvement following lumbar surgery with intraoperative dural tear. A CT scan showed cerebellar haemorrhage and hydrocephalus, and the patient was transferred to a neurosurgical department and treated with an external ventricular drainage, haematoma evacuation, and posterior fossa decompression. This case highlights the importance of swift diagnostics in patients developing neurological symptoms following lumbar surgery, as well as limiting any cerebrospinal fluid leakage following intraoperative dural tear.Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to increase quality and efficiency of breast cancer screening. Recent studies have provided comparative data on AI versus human performance in cancer detection with encouraging results, and commercially available AI systems are used worldwide as a clinical tool for mammography screening. There are, however, a number of methodological concerns in relation to the evaluation of AI systems. This review discusses these aspects as well as the opportunities and challenges of clinical validation and implementation in breast cancer screening practice.Novel treatment strategies such as targeted therapy with mitogen-activated protein-kinase-kinase/B-Raf proto-oncogene (MEK/BRAF) inhibitors have prolonged patient survival in metastatic melanoma and are used in oncology. The combination of binimetinib og encorafenib can induce extensive bilateral neuroretinal detachments. In this case report, we present a 72-year-old female patient with this condition. Dilated fundus examination and optical coherence tomography are essential in diagnosis and monitoring of patients treated with MEK/BRAF-inhibitors. No persistent visual deficits were documented in the patient, as this condition appears to be fully reversible.Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease killing more than 100,000 people every year. Reducing the mortality and morbidity of snakebite envenoming depends on the accessibility of healthcare and antivenom, but also on sufficient knowledge on correct first aid treatment. In this review, we summarise the indications for antivenom treatment and which first-aid measures have proven effective, and which methods should be avoided, since many traditional methods of first-aid treatment of snakebites have been proven to be ineffective or even harmful.Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is used in the treatment of rheumatologic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and other conditions. Besides reducing joint and skin inflammation, growing evidence shows other beneficial effects of HCQ, e.g. a positive effect on cardiovascular risk, pregnancy outcome, and flare reduction. In this review, we wish to emphasise "best practice" in the use of HCQ based on the present literature, to show the typical eye damage, which may occur, and to highlight which precautions should be made, so that retinal injury does not occur.Studies indicate, that the glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level underestimates the mean blood glucose level in patients with Type 1- and Type 2 diabetes on haemodialysis. In patients receiving peritoneal dialysis the validity of HbA1c level is undetermined. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) could be an option for patients with diabetes receiving dialysis to assess the mean blood glucose level independently of the HbA1c level. In addition, CGM makes it possible to investigate periodic hypo- and hyperglycaemia and glucose variability. The evidence for the use of CGM in the dialysis population is limited but could represent an improved approach to glycaemic control.This review provides a summary of treatment of cardiac arrest with mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). CPR provides chest compressions according to guidelines in the treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/FK-506-(Tacrolimus).html  This is useful in situations where CPR cannot be safely delivered (e.g. during transportation and prolonged CPR). Randomized controlled trials have not shown improved patient outcomes after treatment with mechanical CPR compared to manual CPR. Mechanical CPR can, like manual CPR, cause injuries, and some may be life-threatening. Mechanical CPR is therefore recommended as an adjunct to manual CPR in special circumstances but not used routinely.