Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common type of mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract but consist of only 1% of all primary gastrointestinal neoplasms. Differentiated from other spindle cell tumors, GISTs are uniquely positive for CD117 expression which allows for molecular targeting therapy with imatinib mesylate (Gleevec). Clinical presentations are variable, ranging from asymptomatic to vague symptoms of abdominal pain, early satiety, abdominal distention or gastrointestinal bleeding. Very rarely, patients can present with tumor-bowel fistula and intra-abdominal abscesses. In this article, we discuss a rare presentation of a middle-aged male with multiple liver abscesses found to have a primary small bowel GIST. This patient received prompt intravenous antibiotics; however, hepatic abscesses can be easily misinterpreted as cystic hepatic metastases which can delay appropriate therapy. Streptococcus anginosus was found to be responsible for the formation of the liver abscesses visualized on computed tomography (CT) scan. Similar to Streptococcus bovis, knowledge in the literature is arising about the association between S. anginosus and gastrointestinal malignancies. This case highlights the importance of identifying concomitant primary GISTs with intra-hepatic abscesses, as these lesions can be easily misconstrued as liver metastases and consequently mismanaged. We herein emphasize that hepatic abscesses are a potential sequela of GISTs and should thus prompt further investigation for potential malignancies, if warranted, so that there is no delay in treatment of these gastrointestinal tumors.Checkpoint inhibitors have become a widely used and available immunotherapy option for treating a variety of malignancies, including hematological malignancies. Patients receiving these therapies may go on to receive a curative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT). This presents a clinical challenge as the safety and efficacy of HSCT is not well reported in this subset of patients and residual programmed death-ligand 1 inhibition could potentially enhance allogeneic T-cell responses, improving the graft-versus-tumor effect, but also increasing the incidence and severity of immune complications such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Here, this report includes a detailed literature review summarizing all available data on HSCT outcomes in the setting of using checkpoint inhibitor therapy pre-transplant. Moreover, we report a case of acute GVHD after allo-HSCT in a patient with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome who received prior atezolizumab therapy, highlighting the importance of further research into this specific population in order to improve transplant-related outcomes.Background The anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy treatment regimen remains the gold standard for treatment of early stage breast cancer. However, studies examining the effectiveness and use of this treatment regimen in Indian context are limited. This study examined patients treated with anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy at a tertiary care cancer center in India. Methods Patients with confirmed early stage breast cancer who had undergone primary breast surgery followed by treatment with anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy between 2009 and 2015 were included in the study. Data on clinical characteristics and treatment details were collected from the patients' medical records. Results Two hundred sixty-four women were included in the analysis. The median age at presentation was 50 years. Among the 264 women, 40.5% were premenopausal, 1.2% were perimenopausal, and 58.3% were postmenopausal. The number of patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM) were 35.2% and 64.7%, respectively. Patients with a tumor grade of 1, 2, and 3 were 7.2%, 53.1%, and 39.7%, respectively. Tumors were unifocal in 81.1% and multifocal in 18.2% of patients. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) positivity was detected in 58.3%, 54.2%, and 3.1% of patients, respectively and 38.6% of patients were triple negative. With a median follow-up of 36.2 months, the invasive disease-free survival rate was 90.9% and mean disease-free survival time was 65.4 ± 1.13 months. Conclusions The results of this study confirm the clinical utility of anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy regimen as the adjuvant chemotherapy treatment of early stage breast cancer.Background The Royal Marsden Hospital prognostic score (RMH score) and the Gustave Roussy immune score (GRIm-score) were developed in order to select more suitable patient for phase I trials. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and serum albumin concentration are common risk factors to these two systems. As the third risk factor, the RMH score and the GRIm-score adopt number of metastatic sites and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), respectively. We aimed to investigate whether these two systems are also useful for extensive disease of small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC). Methods We retrospectively collected 128 patients who had initiated platinum-based chemotherapy at our hospital between September 2007 and March 2018. We divided our patients into low (score 0 - 1) and high (2 - 3) score groups, and compared overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between them. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses found prognostic factors of survival times.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/zidesamtinib.html  Results Regarding GRIm-score, OS was significantly shorter in high score group than in low score group (median 6.1 vs. 11.4 months, P less then 0.01), while no significant difference was observed in PFS (median 4.7 vs. 5.0 months, P = 0.12). Both OS (median 6.9 vs. 12.4 months, P less then 0.01) and PFS (median 4.4 vs. 5.4 months, P = 0.01) were significantly shorter in high RMH score group than in low group. Multivariate analyses detected both high GRIm-score (hazard ratio (HR) 1.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20 - 2.72, P less then 0.01) and high RMH score (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.27 - 2.92, P less then 0.01) as independent worse prognostic factors of OS, and then only high RMH score (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.04 - 2.25, P = 0.03) as independent worse prognostic factor of PFS. Conclusions Both RMH score and GRIm-score are useful as independent prognostic factors of OS in ED-SCLC. However, only RMH score is an independent prognostic factor of PFS.