https://www.selleckchem.com/products/SRT1720.html Additionally, prion strains can interfere with each other, influencing the emergence of a dominant strain. Overall, both environmental and host factors may influence the repertoire and distribution of strains within a population. Tissue tumor mutation burden (tTMB) assessed by whole-exome sequencing (WES), which has been regarded as the gold standard method of tTMB measurement, can predict the clinical benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Multiple studies have investigated the feasibility of utilizing large panels to evaluate TMB but have obtained conflicting results. Furthermore, whether blood TMB (bTMB) can also be a predictive biomarker in NSCLC has not been determined. Fifty-six advanced NSCLC patients treated with ICIs were enrolled, including an exploratory cohort (n = 42) and a small independent validation cohort (n = 14). Next-generation sequencing was performed on tumor and plasma samples collected prior to ICI treatment using a panel consisting of 520 cancer-related genes (OncoScreen) to evaluate tTMB/bTMB. WES was also performed on tumor samples to serve as references. A positive correlation between tTMB derived from WES and OncoScreen was observed. OncoScreen-derived tTMB showed a positive correlation with OncoScreen-derived bTMB. Patients with OncoScreen-derived tTMB [Formula see text] 7 mutations/Mb (p = 0.003) or bTMB [Formula see text] 11 mutations/Mb (p = 0.0029) had superior progression-free survival (PFS). In the small validation cohort, patients with OncoScreen-derived bTMB [Formula see text] 11 mutations/Mb exhibited longer PFS (p = 0.192) with a nonsignificant difference. In all 42 patients who had available bTMB and PFS, patients with bTMB [Formula see text] 11 mutations/Mb had significantly longer PFS (p = 0.011) than those with bTMB [Formula see text] 11 mutations/Mb. Our study confirmed the feasibility of using large panels to estimate TMB. We also demonstrated that bTMB can serv