https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pentylenetetrazol.html © 2018 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.Background Salting-out extraction (SOE) had been developed as a special branch of aqueous two-phase system recently. So far as we know, few reports involved in extracting ginsenosides with SOE because of the lower recovery caused by the unique solubility and surface activity of ginsenosides. A new SOE method for rapid pretreatment of ginsenosides from the enzymatic hydrolysates of Panax quinquefolium was established in this article. Methods The SOE system comprising ethanol and sodium carbonate was selected to extract ginsenosides from the enzymatic hydrolysates of Panax quinquefolium, and HPLC was applied to analyze the ginsenosides. Results The optimized extraction conditions were as follows the aqueous two-phase extraction system comprising ethanol, sodium carbonate, ethanol concentration of 41.51%, and the mass percent of sodium carbonate of 7.9% in the extraction system under the experimental condition. Extraction time had minor influence on extraction efficiency of ginsenosides. The results also showed that the extraction efficiencies of three ginsenosides were all more than 90.0% only in a single step. Conclusion The proposed method had been successfully applied to determine ginsenosides in enzymatic hydrolysate and demonstrated as a powerful technique for separating and purifying ginsenosides in complex samples. © 2018 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.Background Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates, with group B streptococcus (GBS) remaining the most frequent pathogen isolated from term infants. Surveillance data showed that the majority of cases of early-onset GBS disease were neonates born to women who either received no or suboptimal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis with a notable portion of those women having a missed opportunity to receive ≥4 hours of chemopr