https://www.selleckchem.com/products/idasanutlin-rg-7388.html Primary care providers are often the first point of contact when there are concerns of child sexual abuse. The history is the key factor in making the diagnosis as most children who have experienced child sexual abuse do not have an abnormal anogenital examination. When anogenital symptoms precipitate concerns for sexual abuse, especially in the absence of a history of sexual abuse, it is important to be aware of conditions that mimic sexual abuse. Being familiar with such conditions allows the provider to determine appropriate management, differentiate an anatomical variant or medical condition from abuse, and provide reassurance to the patient and family. Unnecessarily reporting these cases can have detrimental effects on the patient and family. If any doubt arises, patients can be referred for further evaluation by an expert in child abuse. This article presents many common medical conditions that can mimic sexual abuse, with a focus on history, examination findings, and management. [Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(8)e334-e340.].Despite growing cautionary evidence against routine pharmacologic management of infant reflux, proton-pump inhibitors and H2-receptor antagonists are regularly asked for and prescribed at pediatric well-visits in the first year of life. It is important to distinguish between physiologic gastroesophageal reflux and gastroesopheal reflux disease, even though the symptoms can seem interchangeable and overlap with other normal developmental phenomena and common conditions, such as cow's milk protein intolerance. Careful history, ample anticipatory guidance, and nonpharmacologic intervention should be attempted before consideration of acid suppression therapy in the first year of life. If the general clinician feels medication is warranted in the absence of clear indicating medical comorbidities, consultation with a pediatric gastroenterologist should be considered. [Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(8)e32