https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lithium-chloride.html INTRODUCTION The natural history and treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is currently being transformed by the development and availability of novel therapies, with significant related changes in practice. This not only has important implications for the health and wellbeing of patients with SMA and their families, as well as improves the quality of care. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the processes and factors that influence treatment and healthcare decisions for children and adults with SMA and their families and healthcare providers. METHODS Four focus groups comprising adults, or parents of children and adolescents, with SMA and an expert panel of healthcare providers (N = 25) explored experiences of SMA, its treatment and related decision making and expectations for future care. Group discussions were recorded and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis using NVivo12.0. RESULTS People with SMA, their families and healthcare providers described confronting complex healthcare decisions in the context of a rapidly changing SMA treatment environment. Across all groups, five key themes were identified hope, yearning and searching, patient-centred care and support, community and a sense of connectedness and weighing up potential treatment benefits and costs. Essential to these themes was the notion of what it means to live with SMA and complexities relating to 'quality of life'. CONCLUSION Identifying and more deeply understanding the factors that influence patient, family and healthcare providers' decision making regarding SMA treatment is an important first step in improving the quality of patient- and family-centred care and in informing clinical practice and future health policy incorporating personalized medicine and optimal supportive and mental health care.PURPOSE To explore the effect of nighttime sleep duration and midday napping in early pregnancy on gestational diabetes