Many drug therapies could be greatly improved by dosage forms that reside in the stomach for prolonged time and release the drug slowly. In this work, therefore, slow-release fibrous dosage forms that expand rapidly in the gastric fluid to prevent their passage into the intestines are investigated. The dosage forms consisted of acetaminophen drug and a high-molecular-weight hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) excipient.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/rmc-9805.html  Upon immersion in a dissolution fluid, they transitioned to viscous, and expanded in proportion to the square-root of time and the reciprocal of fiber radius. The normalized axial expansion was up to 100 percent by fifteen minutes, fast enough to convert a swallowable, 10-mm diameter disk into a gastroretentive, 20-mm diameter viscous gel. The drug was released slowly, eighty percent in 2-8.4 hours. Theoretical models show that the fibrous dosage forms expand rapidly due to the fast diffusion of dissolution fluid into the thin fibers. The fibers then coalesce into a uniform viscous gel, and the diffusion length increases from the radius of the thin fibers to the half-thickness of the gelated dosage form. Consequently, drug diffusion out is slow, and the twin requirements, fast expansion and prolonged drug release, are simultaneously satisfied.The conventional etoposide-platinum (EP) regimen and adjuvant radiotherapy remain the gold-standard treatment for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, most patients already have multiple metastases when they are first diagnosed with SCLC. The objective response rate (ORR) and 1-year survival rate are low in these patients despite active radiotherapy and chemotherapy. SCLC is oncologically featured by the high tumor mutational burden (TMB) of multiple genes, which makes immunotherapy a possible new treatment strategy for SCLC. New data from the IMpower133 and CASPIAN trials will shed new light on the treatment of SCLC. In 2020, the results from the phase 3 CASPIAN trial have already suggested that programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors may represent breakthroughs in the management of SCLC. Here, we report a patient with extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) treated with first-line anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (PD-L1 inhibitor) (i.e., durvalumab) combined with the EP regimen for 6 cycles. The patient consistently achieved partial response (PR) [nearly complete response (CR)], and no immune-related adverse events were noted during this period. The Karnofsky performance status (PS) score maintained at 1-2 points. We further review the history of SCLC treatment and elucidate the role of combination with immunotherapy in treating SCLC in the coming years.Endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common gynecologic malignancy in China, and the incidence and mortality rates have increased in recent years. Brain metastasis from EC is extremely rare, affecting only 0.3-1.16% of EC patients. The prognosis for patients with brain metastasis from EC is poor, with a median survival time of 3.5-6.5 months from the diagnosis of brain metastasis. Niraparib is a poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor that uses the concept of synthetic lethality in the presence of a mutation in the breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA). Niraparib is recommended as a maintenance treatment for ovarian cancer patients with platinum-sensitive relapse and has been shown to increase progression-free survival. Niraparib was found to enter the brain via the blood-brain barrier, which resulted in a higher concentration of the drug in the brain tissues and better tumor-suppressing effects. There was none report about the applications of PARP inhibitor for endometrial cancer with brain metastases. Here, we present the case of a 62-year-old woman whose Peripheral blood gene detection had shown BRCA1 mutation with brain metastases from high-grade serous carcinoma of the endometrium who was successfully treated with Niraparib and remained free of disease progression for 6 months.Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common gram-negative bacterium. Imipenem (IMP) is considered to be the most effective clinical drug for the treatment of PA infection. IMP-resistant ceftazidime-susceptible PA is relatively rare in clinical practice; so far, there have been no clinical reports regarding the treatment of IMP-resistant PA with piperacillin/tazobactam alone. This paper will report the case of a severe pneumonia patient with IMP-resistant ceftazidime-susceptible PA infection that was successfully treated with piperacillin/tazobactam monotherapy after initial therapy with biapenem (BIP) according to the drug sensitivity test. The patient was a 75-year-old female, her main symptom was drowsiness. She was admitted to hospital due to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and pulmonary encephalopathy. After admission, endotracheal intubation was performed immediately, and the lavage fluid was sent to the laboratory for sputum culturing for several times. BIP was selected for the initial anti-infection regimen, and other symptomatic treatments were performed at the same time. On the day 8, the sputum culture drug sensitivity test results showed PA (sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam sodium, ceftazidime, aminoglycoside, and fluoroquinolones; resistant to IMP; and intermediate sensitivity to cefoperazone-sulbactam and meropenem), so we adjusted the anti-infection regimen as piperacillin/tazobactam sodium. After that, the infection index of the patient declined steadily, and the patient was discharged from hospital after continuous treatment with piperacillin tazobactam until the 24th day. For severe pneumonia patients with IMP-resistant ceftazidime-susceptible PA infection, piperacillin/tazobactam is still an option specially when the MIC of piperacillin/tazobactam is very low.We report a rare case of gastric cancer with liver metastasis in a patient whose condition improved with the combination use of lenvatinib and camrelizumab. A 53-year-old man was admitted to hospital for abdominal pain. After an enhanced CT scan of his abdomen, it was found that he had multiple liver occupancy. Gastroscopic biopsies and liver biopsies supported the clinical diagnosis of stage IV gastric cancer. Next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) testing indicated that the tumor mutational burden (TMB) of the liver tissue and stomach tissue samples were high. The patient first received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment on August 30, 2018. The patient later received combined lenvatinib (8 mg, daily) anti-angiogenic therapy and camrelizumab (200 mg, every 2 weeks) immunotherapy. Three months following treatment, the patient's abdominal pain was relieved and his weight was increased. Regular reexamination of CT showed that the metastases of the liver continued to shrink. The curative effect was evaluated as partial response (PR).