https://www.selleckchem.com/products/oligomycin-a.html Both postgraduate residents and nurses showed moderately satisfactory knowledge, attitude and practice towards hand hygiene. To assess knowledge and practices regarding hand-washing among mothers of children aged ≤5 years. The cross-sectional study was conducted from March to July 2015 in rural areas of Union Council Charwa, Tehsil Pasrur in District Sialkot, Pakistan, and comprised mothers of children aged ≤5 years. Data was collected using a pre-tested and validated structured questionnaire developed in line with World health Organisation guidelines on hand-washing technique. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. Of the 422 subjects, 319 (75.4%) had sufficient knowledge and 104 (24.6%) showed good practices regarding hand-washing. However, only 59 (14%) mothers were found adherent to the appropriate technique of hand-washing. Health education and behaviour-changing communication approaches must be implemented to educate the masses about proper hand-washing technique. Health education and behaviour-changing communication approaches must be implemented to educate the masses about proper hand-washing technique. To evaluate the frequency of alpha thalassemia and detect mutations in the alpha genes in individuals undergoing premarital screening. The cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia, from January 2018 to May 2019, and comprised blood samples of individuals visiting the premarital screening clinic. The samples were analyzed for complete blood counts and haemoglobin electrophoresis. Molecular analysis of samples suspected for alpha thalassemia was done using alpha-globin StripAssay kit. Data was anlaysed using SPSS 20. Of the 3,970 samples analysed, 1,859(46.83%) were from males and 2,111(53.17%) from females. The overall frequency of suspected alpha thalassemia was 4.43% based upon haematological parameters including complete blood count and haemoglobin electrophoresi