In this Rapid Communication we report the unusual dynamics of planar, rigid, and anisotropy glass-forming molecules of unusually large size by dielectric spectroscopy by using two examples. The size of the molecules is much larger than the dipolar moiety located at the end of the longer axis of each molecule. The observed dynamics deviates strongly from the anticorrelation between β_KWW (fractional exponent of the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts function) and dielectric strength, Δɛ(T_g), established generally for small van der Waals molecular glass formers. Moreover, the dynamics of the two large molecules differ greatly, albeit the difference is the dipole moment being orthogonal or parallel to the longer axis of the molecules. The drastic variation in dielectric response of the two materials coming from different portions of the structural α-relaxation spectrum is probed by the dipole. Thus, the new behavior opens up a new research area of the dynamics and thermodynamics of nonpolymeric sizable molecules, the dielectric response of which can be varied by the design of the dipole moiety.We introduce a minimal model for a two-dimensional polar flock with nonquenched rotators and show that the rotators make the usual macroscopic long-range order of the flock more robust than the clean system. The rotators memorize the flock-information which helps in establishing the robustness. Moreover, the memory of the rotators assists in probing the moving flock. We also formulate a hydrodynamic framework for the microscopic model that makes our study comprehensive. Using linearized hydrodynamics, it is shown that the presence of such nonquenched heterogeneities increases the sound speeds of the flock. The enhanced sound speeds lead to faster convection of information and consequently the robust ordering in the system. We argue that similar nonquenched heterogeneities may be useful in monitoring and controlling large crowds.To investigate the way in which very small insects compensate for unilateral wing damage, we measured the wing kinematics of a very small insect, a phorid fly (Megaselia scalaris), with 16.7% wing area loss in the outer part of the left wing and a normal counterpart, and we computed the aerodynamic forces and power expenditures of the phorid flies. Our major findings are the following. The phorid fly compensates for unilateral wing damage by increasing the stroke amplitude and the deviation angle of the damaged wing (the large deviation angle gives the wing a deep U-shaped wing path), unlike the medium and large insects studied previously, which compensate for the unilateral wing damage mainly by increasing the stroke amplitude of the damaged wing. The increased stroke amplitude and the deep U-shaped wing path give the damaged wing a larger wing velocity during its flapping motion and a rapid downward acceleration in the beginning of the upstroke, which enable the damaged wing to generate the required vertical force for weight support. However, the larger wing velocity of the damaged wing also generates larger horizontal and side forces, increasing the resultant aerodynamic force of the damaged wing. Due to the larger aerodynamic force and the smaller wing area, the wing loading of the damaged wing is 25% larger than that of the wings of the normal phorid fly; this may greatly shorten the life of the damaged wing. Furthermore, because the damaged wing has much larger angular velocity and produces larger aerodynamic moment compared with the intact wing of the damaged phorid fly, the aerodynamic power consumed by the damaged wing is 38% larger than that by the intact wing, i.e., the energy distribution between the damaged and intact wings is highly asymmetrical; this may greatly increase the muscle wastage of the damaged side.We study periodic steady states of a lattice system under external cyclic energy supply using simulation. We consider different protocols for cyclic energy supply and examine the energy storage. Under the same energy flux, we found that the stored energy depends on the details of the supply, period, and amplitude of the supply. Further, we introduce an adiabatic wall as an internal constraint into the lattice and examine the stored energy with respect to different positions of the internal constrain. We found that the stored energy for constrained systems is larger than its unconstrained counterpart. We also observe that the system stores more energy through large and rare energy delivery, comparing to small and frequent delivery.We consider the problem of inferring a graphical Potts model on a population of variables. This inverse Potts problem generally involves the inference of a large number of parameters, often larger than the number of available data, and, hence, requires the introduction of regularization. We study here a double regularization scheme, in which the number of Potts states (colors) available to each variable is reduced and interaction networks are made sparse. To achieve the color compression, only Potts states with large empirical frequency (exceeding some threshold) are explicitly modeled on each site, while the others are grouped into a single state. We benchmark the performances of this mixed regularization approach, with two inference algorithms, adaptive cluster expansion (ACE) and pseudolikelihood maximization (PLM), on synthetic data obtained by sampling disordered Potts models on Erdős-Rényi random graphs. We show in particular that color compression does not affect the quality of reconstruction of the parameters corresponding to high-frequency symbols, while drastically reducing the number of the other parameters and thus the computational time. Our procedure is also applied to multisequence alignments of protein families, with similar results.Quantum chaos refers to signatures of classical chaos found in the quantum domain. Recently, it has become common to equate the exponential behavior of out-of-time order correlators (OTOCs) with quantum chaos. The quantum-classical correspondence between the OTOC exponential growth and chaos in the classical limit has indeed been corroborated theoretically for some systems and there are several projects to do the same experimentally.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/hc-7366.html  The Dicke model, in particular, which has a regular and a chaotic regime, is currently under intense investigation by experiments with trapped ions. We show, however, that for experimentally accessible parameters, OTOCs can grow exponentially also when the Dicke model is in the regular regime. The same holds for the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, which is integrable and also experimentally realizable. The exponential behavior in these cases are due to unstable stationary points, not to chaos.