Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction at ambient temperature is a green technology for artificial nitrogen fixation but greatly challenging with low yield and poor selectivity. Here, a nanoporous ordered intermetallic Pd3 Bi prepared by converting chemically etched nanoporous PdBi2 exhibits efficient electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction under ambient conditions. The resulting nanoporous intermetallic Pd3 Bi can achieve high activity and selectivity with an NH3 yield rate of 59.05 ± 2.27 µg h-1 mgcat -1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 21.52 ± 0.71% at -0.2 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.05 m H2 SO4 electrolyte, outperforming most of the reported catalysts in electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies combined with density functional theory calculations reveal that strong coupling between the Pd-Bi sites bridges the electron-transfer channel of intermetallic Pd3 Bi, in which the Bi sites can absorb N2 molecules and lower the energy barrier of *N2 for N2 adsorption and activation. Meanwhile, the intermetallic Pd3 Bi with bicontinuous nanoporous structure can accelerate the electron transport during the NRR process, thus improving the NRR performance.Royal jelly (RJ) is a well-known traditional health food that has a wide range of pharmacological activities. In this study, mice were fed with different doses of RJ for 30 days and their antioxidant activities and gut microbiota were measured to examine the correlation between gut microbiota and overall health. RJ did not influence the feed consumption or relative organ weight, but RJ did increase the amount of serum interleukin 10 (IL-10), as well as the levels of antioxidant activities in the liver and kidney. The middle dose of RJ (RJM) decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria at phylum level, increased the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Bacteroides. Correlation analysis indicated that RJ could optimize the functional network of gut microbiota and the interactions between the gut microbiota and the host. In conclusion, RJ could enhance the antioxidant activities and modulate the gut microbiota. RJM treatment had a more positive effect on physical health compared with RJL and RJH treatments. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Royal jelly is a healthy dietary supplement which has a wide range of functions. The research helps us know the action mechanism of RJ in healthy body and analyzed the correlation of gut microbiota and physiological state. The appropriate dose of RJ was also studied and the health functions of RJ for healthy body were proved. This research could help to increase the RJ consuming in market.
  Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) causes severe illness and multi-organ dysfunction.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/hexa-d-arginine.html  An abnormal electrocardiogram is associated with poor outcome, and QT prolongation during the illness has been linked to pharmacological effects. This study sought to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 illness on the corrected QT interval (QTc).
 
  For 293 consecutive patients admitted to our hospital via the emergency department for COVID-19 between 01/03/20 -18/05/20, demographic data, laboratory findings, admission electrocardiograph and clinical observations were compared in those who survived and those who died within 6weeks. Hospital records were reviewed for prior electrocardiograms for comparison with those recorded on presentation with COVID-19.
 
  Patients who died were older than survivors (82vs 69.8 years, p<0.001), more likely to have cancer (22.3%vs 13.1%, p=0.034), dementia (25.6%vs 10.7%, p=0.034) and ischemic heart disease (27.8%vs 10.7%, p<0.001). Deceased patients exhibited higher levels of C-reactive protein (244.6mg/L vs 146.5mg/L, p<0.01), troponin (1982.4ng/L vs 413.4ng/L, p=0.017), with a significantly longer QTc interval (461.1ms vs 449.3ms, p=0.007). Pre-COVID electrocardiograms were located for 172 patients; the QTc recorded on presentation with COVID-19 was longer than the prior measurement in both groups, but was more prolonged in the deceased group (448.4ms vs 472.9ms, pre-COVID vs COVID, p<0.01). Multivariate Cox-regression analysis revealed age, C-reactive protein and prolonged QTc of>455ms (males) and>465ms (females) (p=0.028, HR 1.49 [1.04-2.13]), as predictors of mortality. QTc prolongation beyond these dichotomy limits was associated with increased mortality risk (p=0.0027, HR 1.78 [1.2-2.6]).
 
  QTc prolongation occurs in COVID-19 illness and is associated with poor outcome.
 QTc prolongation occurs in COVID-19 illness and is associated with poor outcome.
  Accurate documentation of medication administration time is imperative for many therapeutic decisions, including dosing of intravenous antimicrobials. The objectives were to determine (1) the discrepancy between actual and documented administration times for antimicrobial infusions and (2) whether day of the week, time of day, nurse-to-patient ratio and drug impacted accuracy of documented administration times.
 
  Patient and dosing data were collected (June-August 2019) for 55 in-patients receiving antimicrobial infusions. "Documented" and "actual" administration times (n = 660) extracted from electronic medication management systems and smart infusion pumps, respectively, were compared. Influence of the day (weekday/weekend), time of day (day/evening/night), nurse-to-patient ratio (high 11/low 15) and drug were examined. Monte Carlo simulation was used to predict the impact on dose adjustments for vancomycin using the observed administration time discrepancies compared to the actual administration time.
 
  s in administration time were predicted to result in inappropriate dose recommendations.
  Tiotropium bromide, a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, reduces the frequency of exacerbation in patients with moderate to severe asthma, but its underlying mechanism is not clear. Asthma exacerbations are associated with exposure to external stimuli, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of asthma exacerbation. We investigated whether tiotropium modulates airway inflammation through ILC2 functions.
 
  Mice were administered papain intranasally to induce innate-type airway inflammation with or without tiotropium pretreatment, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and lung tissues were collected. Lung-derived ILC2s and bone marrow-derived basophils were stimulated in vitro with IL-33 in the presence or absence of tiotropium. Muscarinic M3 receptor (M3R) expression on immune cells was assessed by RNA sequence.
 
  Papain induced airway eosinophilic inflammation, and tiotropium reduced the numbers of eosinophils in BALF. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and the numbers of ILC2s in BALF were also reduced by tiotropium treatment.