https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Bortezomib.html Moreover, the Sal group increased gene expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and LPS-induced TNF-alpha factor (LITAF) and reduced levels of TGF-β4 and IL-10 compared with the other groups (p less then 0.05). However, chickens receiving probiotic diets increased Lactobacillaceae abundance and reduced Enterobacteriaceae abundance in the ceca. Moreover, supplementation with probiotics increased the mRNA expression of Occludin, ZO1, and Mucin 2 in the ileum (p less then 0.05). In addition, probiotic supplementation downregulated the mRNA levels of IFN-γ (p less then 0.05) and LITAF (p=0.075) and upregulated IL-10 (p=0.084) expression in the cecal tonsil. Conclusion The administration of multi-strain probiotics modulated intestinal microbiota, gene expression of tight junction proteins, and immunomodulatory activity in broiler chickens.Objective The objective of this study was to look for optimal preparation of hydrolysates of desalted duck egg white powder (DDEWP) by the three different proteases and to investigate their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Methods DDEWP was hydrolyzed by three proteases, including pepsin (PEP), Bacillus spp. (BA) and natokinase (NAT) with three different enzyme concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%), individually. The important key hydrolysis parameters such as hydrolysis degree, yield, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were evaluated in this experiment. Results The results showed that the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of all treatments increased with increasing hydrolysis time and protease concentrations. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the hydrolysates were affected by type and concentration of protease as well as hydrolysis time. Hydrolysis of PEP significantly (p 37-92%) and BA (30-79%). Besides, DDEWP hydrolysates of PEP presented significantly higher reducing power than BA and NAT. In antimicrobial activities, Escherichia coli, Salmo