https://www.selleckchem.com/products/rmc-4550.html screening for each positive infection to help halt the ongoing pandemic. The role of combination immunomodulatory therapy with systemic corticosteroids and tocilizumab (TCZ) for aged patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine release syndrome remains unclear. A retrospective single-center study was conducted on consecutive patients aged ≥65 years who developed severe COVID-19 between 03 March and 01 May 2020 and were treated with corticosteroids at various doses (methylprednisolone 0.5mg/kg/12h to 250mg/24h), either alone (CS group) or associated with intravenous tocilizumab (400-600mg, one to three doses) (CS-TCZ group). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality by day +14, whereas secondary outcomes included mortality by day +28 and clinical improvement (discharge and/or a ≥2 point decrease on a 6-point ordinal scale) by day +14. Propensity score (PS)-based adjustment and inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW) were applied. Totals of 181 and 80 patients were included in the CS and CS-TCZ groups, respectively. All-cause 14-day mortality was lower in the CS-TCZ group, both in the PS-adjusted (hazard ratio [HR] 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17-0.68; P=0.002) and IPTW-weighted models (odds ratio [OR] 0.38; 95% CI 0.21-0.68; P=0.001). This protective effect was also observed for 28-day mortality (PS-adjusted HR 0.38; 95% CI 0.21-0.72; P=0.003). Clinical improvement by day +14 was higher in the CS-TCZ group with IPTW analysis only (OR 2.26; 95% CI 1.49-3.41; P<0.001). The occurrence of secondary infection was similar between both groups. The combination of corticosteroids and TCZ was associated with better outcomes among patients aged ≥65 years with severe COVID-19. The combination of corticosteroids and TCZ was associated with better outcomes among patients aged ≥65 years with severe COVID-19. Few studies have evaluated determinants of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Vibrio cholerae O1 in older children and