https://www.selleckchem.com/products/stattic.html Critical-sized lesions are defined as the smallest sized intraosseous wound in a particular bone that will not heal spontaneously during the lifetime of that animal. These critical-sized entities pose a unique challenge in endodontics, where these lesions are most likely cystic, with dimensions extending over 10 mm. This paper describes a structured methodology to treat such cases whilst also highlighting inconsistencies and variability between practitioners regarding management of critical-sized lesions. The case series demonstrates that non-surgical root canal therapy followed by surgical decompression may be the treatment of choice for such pathosis. A 16 gauge nasogastric tube was used as a decompression device and sutured to surrounding mucosa. Healing was evaluated using both two- and three-dimensional radiographs. Decompression of critical-sized lesions would appear to be a reliable, conservative and an altogether complete procedure that may not warrant second-stage surgery.A common goal in evolutionary biology is to discern the mechanisms that produce the astounding diversity of morphologies seen across the tree of life. Aposematic species, those with a conspicuous phenotype coupled with some form of defence, are excellent models to understand the link between vivid colour pattern variations, the natural selection shaping it, and the underlying genetic mechanisms underpinning this variation. Mimicry systems in which multiple species share the same conspicuous phenotype can provide an even better model for understanding the mechanisms of colour production in aposematic species, especially if comimics have divergent evolutionary histories. Here we investigate the genetic mechanisms by which vivid colour and pattern are produced in a Müllerian mimicry complex of poison frogs. We did this by first assembling a high-quality de novo genome assembly for the mimic poison frog Ranitomeya imitator. This assembled genom