https://www.selleckchem.com/products/g6pdi-1.html Nocturia is the interruption of the main sleep, one or more times, due to the need for urination. It is associated with a decrease in the quality of life and an increase in mortality. It is a complex and multifactorial symptom in which two pathophysiological mechanisms are mainly involved. These occur alone or in combination as nocturnal polyuria or decreased bladder capacity. Nocturnal polyuria is the most frequent. The preparation of a bladder diary is the key to diagnosis. Treatment usually combines lifestyle changes and drug therapy. Desmopressin has proven to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment in patients with nocturnal polyuria. The risk of hyponatraemia should be controlled in patients treated with desmopressin.Introduction Pakistan is suffering from low routine childhood immunization (RI) coverage, meriting a systematic examination of community acceptance and barriers towards vaccination with a view to inform responsive strategies. We examine community perspectives on RI for children 0-23 months of age, unveiling community beliefs, health systems barriers and willingness to actively seek immunization services. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in the rural under-resourced district of Tando Muhammad Khan of Pakistan's Sindh province. 12 focus group discussions were conducted to probe immunization perceptions and experience 6 with female caregivers of children less then 2 years and 6 with Lady Health workers (LHWs). An adapted Health Access Livelihood Framework guided data collection, qualitative data were thematically coded using inductive analysis and findings were triangulated across caregivers and LHWs. Results Caregivers were either indifferent to vaccination or had an unmet need to know more, with few equired for post-immunization messaging, client-centric services, positive immunization experiences and the availability of vaccination encounters.Introduction Despite the recommendations o