https://www.selleckchem.com/products/CP-690550.html Taken together, we found that circ-XPO1 regulated the expression of XPO1 through sponging miRNAs as a competing endogenous (ceRNA), providing the possibility that circ-XPO1 might play as a new therapeutic target for OS. Kufor-Rakeb Syndrome (KRS) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by Parkinsonism, pyramidal signs, dementia, and supranuclear gaze palsy. KRS is caused by mutations in ATP13A2producing a transmembrane protein responsible for the regulation of intracellular inorganic cations. Two siblings born to a Turkish family of consanguineous marriage had mixed neurological presentations with the presence of hypointense images on T2-weighted MRI and were pre-diagnosed as having autosomal recessive spastic paraparesis or ataxia.We aimed to identify the disease-causing mutation by whole-exome sequencing and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of the causative mutation. Prussian blue staining was conducted for the detection of cellular iron accumulation. Disease-causing mutation inATP13A2was detected by whole-exome sequencing. Expression levels of ATP13A2 mRNA and protein were assessed by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. Iron deposits in the patients' fibroblasts were detected by Prussian blue staining. Novel homozygous mutation c.1422_1423delp.P474fs was detected intheATP13A2. As this mutation caused a premature termination codon (PTC), the expression of mutant ATP13A2 mRNA through qRT-PCR analysis was found to be degraded by nonsense-mediated decay and this prevented the expression of ATP13A2 protein in the patients' fibroblasts. Novel frameshift mutation causing a PTC in ATP13A2 lead to degradation of ATP13A2 mRNA by NMD. Iron accumulation due to the absence of ATP13A2 protein in the patient's fibroblasts and hypointense areas on T2-weighted images may expand the spectrum of KRS to consider it as neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders. Novel frameshift mutation causing a PTC in ATP1