https://www.selleckchem.com/products/meclofenamate-sodium.html 4. 4. Some cochlear implant (CI) patients lose their residual hearing during surgery. Two factors that might play a role in residual hearing loss are the change in intracochlear hydraulic pressure and force on the cochlear wall during electrode insertion. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a difference in peak hydraulic pressure and peak force on the cochlear wall exists during a CI electrode insertion with different insertion techniques. Twenty fresh frozen temporal bones were used. Hydraulic pressure and force on the cochlear wall were recorded during straight electrode insertions with 1) slow versus fast insertion speed, 2) manual versus automatic insertion method and 3) round window approach (RWA) versus extended RWA (ERWA). When inserting with a slow compared to a fast insertion speed, the peak hydraulic pressure is 239% (95% CI 130-399%) higher with a RWA and 58% (95% CI 6-137%) higher with an ERWA. However, the peak force on the cochlear wall is a factor 29% less (95% CI 13-43%) with a slow insertion speed. No effect was found of opening and insertion method. As contradictory findings were found for hydraulic pressure and force on the cochlear wall on insertion speed, it remains unclear which insertion speed (slow versus fast) is less traumatic to inner ear structure. As contradictory findings were found for hydraulic pressure and force on the cochlear wall on insertion speed, it remains unclear which insertion speed (slow versus fast) is less traumatic to inner ear structure. Cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D) may reduce the incidence of first ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VTA) in patients with heart failure (HF) and left bundle branch block (LBBB). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of CRT-D on VTA burden in LBBB patients. We included 1281 patients with LBBB from MADIT-CRT (Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial-Cardiac Resynchroni