https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly2157299.html 88) Gy, respectively. Acute toxicities encountered were mucositis and lip edema limited to the irradiated area; none of them was beyond grade 2 and all were resolved within 1-2 months after treatment. We did not observe any late grade 2 adverse events or worse. This study shows that the adverse effects of HDR brachytherapy for early stage LC can be minimized using a dental spacer. Cooperation with the dentistry department is essential to make spacers that are individually customized for each patient. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Radiation Research Society and Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology.Empathy has held a vital and enduring standing in the theory and practice of clinical social work. Defining and conceptualizing empathy is a continuing challenge in social work and across the human services. A multitude of definitions of empathy exist in the therapeutic literature, creating confusion relating to research findings and treatment processes. Recent trends emphasize an overarching and expansive way of conceiving empathic understanding in the therapeutic relationship and informing treatment practice. Multiple perspectives of empathy facilitate a broad and wide-ranging engagement of the practitioner and the client in the therapeutic process. With significant implications for clinical social workers, an integral model capitalizes on the engagement of empathy from multiple ways of knowing subjective, objective, and interpersonal. Numerous clinical examples illustrate applications of the tripartite model in social work practice. The integral empathy model is amenable to research and training across therapeutic contexts in social work and related fields. © 2020 National Association of Social Workers.Most living organisms rely on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) to store their genetic information and perpetuate themselves. This biological information has been consid