Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), composing 15-20% of lung cancer, is a fatal disease with extremely poor prognosis. In the past two decades, etoposide platinum doublet chemotherapy remained the only choice of therapy, with disappointing overall survival ≤1 year for the metastatic disease. Novel treatments including immunotherapy are urgently needed and extensively explored. Recently, in two phase III trials, atezolizumab and durvalumab were shown to bring survival benefit to patients. While immunotherapy brings better outcome, it is accompanied by adverse events different from traditional treatments. Although these immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are generally mild and can be managed, some irAEs (myocarditis, pneumonitis) may be severe and even life-threatening. Accompanying with the increasing application of immunotherapy in clinical practice, the irAEs should not be overlooked. In this review, the irAEs profile in clinical trials of immunotherapy for SCLC will be summarized, also its unique features compared with irAEs in other malignancies will be explored. This review may be helpful for the appropriate clinical use of immunotherapy for SCLC.
  Clinical evidence has shown that few non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (
  ) mutations can benefit from immunotherapy. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is a significant factor affecting the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, the TIME transformational process in 
  -mutation patients is unknown.
 
  The mRNA expression and mutation data and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Profiles describing the immune landscape of patients with 
  mutations were characterized by differences in tumor mutation burden (TMB), ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and microenvironment cell populations-counter (MCP-counter).
 
  In total, the TCGA data for 585 patients were analyzed. Among these patients, 98 had 
  mutations. The TMB was lower in the 
  group (3.94 mut/Mb) than in the 
  mutation group (6.09 mut/Mb, 
  < 0.001) and the entire LUAD (6.58 mut/Mb, 
  < 0.001). The 
  group had a lower population of activated 9del, L858R, and uncommon mutations. The potential role of CTLs and DCs in the TIME of patients requires further investigation.The effects of radiotherapy on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remain to be further proved. The dose of radiotherapy is generally 2Gy*25f. In the current study, we prospectively investigated the clinical outcomes of advanced or recurrent HCC patients who received hypofractionated radiotherapy at a dose of 5Gy*10f with tomotherapy. A study involving hypofractionated radiotherapy (5Gy*10f) based on TOMO was conducted in HCC patients with Child-Pugh grade A or B who were unsuitable candidates for resection or radiofrequency ablation or with residual disease after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The prescription dose was 50 grays in 10 fractions.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/asciminib-abl001.html  From Sep. 2016 and Dec. 2017, 65 patents were evaluated with a median follow-up of 24 months (range 7-41 months). 10 patients were treatment-naïve (failure to undergo surgery or intervention due to the presence of a portal or portal branch tumor thrombus), 15 patients were treated for residual HCC after TACE as salvage therapy, and 40 cases were treated for CC patients. TOMO therapy could be used to effectively against HCC in treatment-naive, intrahepatic failure, residual disease, and recurrent settings.Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is a rare variant of psoriasis, which is potentially life threatening and often resistant to conventional therapy. Biologics have revolutionized the treatment of plaque-type psoriasis, and shown promise in EP. However, due to the lack of head-to-head studies and the rarity of EP, no high level evidence-based treatment guidelines for EP have been established, and the evidence of treatment of EP is limited to case reports or small case series. Here, we present a narrative review focusing on the up-to-date information for the treatment of EP.
  Mange mites are economically damaging goat ectoparasites that cause skin rejection or downgrading in Ethiopian tanneries and leather industries.
 
  A study was done on 384 randomly selected goats to identify the proportion of mites and potential associated factors in the Malle district of South Omo Zone, Ethiopia using a cross-sectional survey. A questionnaire investigation was also performed to evaluate the knowledge and preventative measures taken by goat owners during mange mites infection. A skin scraping was employed to collect mange mites for identification.
 
  Out of 384 examined goats, 34.6% (133/384) of goats were infected with a variety of mange mite species. 
  (2.86%), 
  (8.1%), and 
  (23.7%) were the three mange mite genera identified in three sites of Malle district. Goats with poor body condition score (BCS) were the most infected (43.6%) with mange mites compared with moderate (39.1%) and good body condition (17.3%) goats. Adult goats (37.6%) were more infested than young (32.3%) and old (30.1%), whereas there was a higher infestation in males (60.2%) than females (39.8%). However, age, sex, and BCS of the goats had no significant (
  > 0.05) correlation with the occurrence of mange mites. Skin lesion due to mange mites infection was most frequently observed on the head region (26.3%), followed by legs (24.8%) and thoracic region (22.6%). The questionnaire survey indicated that 86.27% of the participants preferred to use modern acaricides to control mange mites, while 97.4% of participants have been involved in government-sponsored deworming programs.
 
  Mange mites especially 
  species were major skin problems in goats in the study, so the owners should be advised to improve their management and use mite control in goats regularly in the area.
 Mange mites especially Sarcoptes species were major skin problems in goats in the study, so the owners should be advised to improve their management and use mite control in goats regularly in the area.
  Orf is a highly contagious eruptive viral disease of the skin and mucosa of sheep and goats. Although vaccination with live or attenuated orf virus is the preferred option for disease control, the vaccine is unavailable in many countries. Treatment of orf lesions involves standard hygiene and in numerous cases, management of presumptive secondary infections with antibiotics, increasing risks of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The wound dressing formulation Tri-Solfen
  containing two local anaesthetics (lignocaine and bupivacaine), adrenaline and an antiseptic (cetrimide) in a gel formulation was developed for pain relief in sheep undergoing surgical husbandry procedures in Australia. Recently, TS therapy was found to reduce suffering and enhance recovery in cattle and buffalo with oral and skin lesions due to foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus infection. It was noted that TS has a low pH and is potentially viricidal, potentially aiding disease control.
 
  One-month-old lambs (n=14), naturally infected with orf, were recruited from a farm during a natural outbreak of the disease.