Ginkgotoxin including 4'-O-methylpyridoxine (MPN) and MPN-5'-glucoside (MPNG) is responsible for Ginkgo seed food poisoning. The purpose of the work reported was to prepare detoxified Ginkgo seed powder and at the same time to retain the nutritional and functional components of Ginkgo seed powder to the maximum extent.
 
  Resin adsorption technology was firstly employed to remove ginkgotoxin from water extract of Ginkgo seed powder. Under optimal conditions, the adsorption efficiency of the optimal resin for MPN could reach 100%, and that for MPNG could only reach 85.4 ± 0.93%. Resin adsorption alone could not effectively remove MPN and MPNG simultaneously. Endogenous enzymatic hydrolysis was next attempted to transform MPNG to MPN. MPNG could be completely hydrolyzed to MPN by endogenous enzyme(s) at 40 °C and pH 5.0 in 180 min. Ginkgotoxin only in the form of MPN in the enzymatic hydrolysate was then adsorbed with resin and the conditions were statistically optimized. The adsorption efficiency of MPN reached 98.89 ± 0.99% under the optimized conditions.
 
  Removal of ginkgotoxin by combining endogenous enzymatic hydrolysis with resin adsorption could preserve the main nutritional and functional components of Ginkgo seed powder to the most extent, and did not change its main characteristics. The ginkgotoxin removal method developed in this work is a relatively simple and efficient approach. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
 Removal of ginkgotoxin by combining endogenous enzymatic hydrolysis with resin adsorption could preserve the main nutritional and functional components of Ginkgo seed powder to the most extent, and did not change its main characteristics. The ginkgotoxin removal method developed in this work is a relatively simple and efficient approach. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
  A surgical approach preserving functional adrenal tissue allows biochemical cure while avoiding the need for lifelong steroid replacement. The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the impact of intraoperative imaging during bilateral partial adrenalectomy on remnant perfusion and function.
 
  Five pigs underwent bilateral posterior retroperitoneoscopic central adrenal gland division (9 divided glands, 1 undivided). Intraoperative perfusion assessment included computer-assisted quantitative fluorescence imaging, contrast-enhanced CT, confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) and local lactate sampling.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ins018-055-ism001-055.html  Specimen analysis after completion adrenalectomy (10 adrenal glands) comprised mitochondrial activity and electron microscopy.
 
  Fluorescence signal intensity evolution over time was significantly lower in the cranial segment of each adrenal gland (mean(s.d.) 0·052(0·057) versus 0·133(0·057) change in intensity per s for cranial versus caudal parts respectively; P=0·020). Concordantly, intraoperative CT in tion is essential in bilateral and hereditary adrenal pathologies. There is interindividual variation in residual adrenocortical stress capacity, and the minimal functional remnant size is unknown. New intraoperative imaging technologies allow improved remnant size and perfusion assessment. Fluorescence imaging and contrast-enhanced intraoperative CT showed congruent results in evaluation of perfusion. Intraoperative imaging can help to visualize the remnant vascular supply in partial adrenalectomy. Intraoperative assessment of perfusion may foster maximal functional tissue preservation in bilateral adrenal pathologies and procedures.
  Two hundred Hispanic emerging adults from Arizona (n = 99) and Florida (n = 101) completed a cross-sectional survey, and data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression and moderation analyses.
 
  Higher social media discrimination was associated with higher symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety. Moderation analyses indicated that higher social media discrimination was only associated with symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety among men, but not women.
 
  This is likely the first study on social media discrimination and mental health among emerging adults; thus, expanding this emerging field of research to a distinct developmental period.
 This is likely the first study on social media discrimination and mental health among emerging adults; thus, expanding this emerging field of research to a distinct developmental period.
  This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of core-needle biopsy (CNB) to fine-needle aspiration (FNA) as a first-line diagnostic tool in initially detected thyroid nodules, according to ultrasound (US) patterns.
 
  This study included 778 consecutive nodules from 705 patients who underwent CNB from one institution and 627 nodules from 583 patients who underwent FNA from two institutions. Adjustments for significant differences in patients' characteristics were facilitated via propensity score matching. We compared the diagnostic performance of CNB and FNA for thyroid malignancy according to three diagnostic criteria for all nodules and the US patterns.
 
  A 11 matching of 469 patients yielded no significant differences between CNB and FNA for any covariates. CNB showed a significantly higher sensitivity for malignancy than FNA with any criterion (criterion 1 category VI, criterion 2 category V and VI, criterion 3 category IV, V and VI) in overall and high suspicion nodules (90.1-99.5% vs 69.7%-88.3%, all P-values<0.001) and low/intermediate suspicion nodules, except criterion 1 (61.9%-100% vs 36.4%-45.5%, all P≤.016). In ROC curve analysis, the areas under the ROC curve of CNB were significantly higher than those for FNA with any criterion in overall and high suspicion nodules (P<.001) and in low/intermediate suspicion nodules, except criterion 1 (P≤.008). CNB had a slightly higher minor complication rate than FNA (0.7% vs 0%, P≥.069).
 
  Our study suggests that CNB has a complementary role as an alternative first-line diagnostic tool to FNA for the initial diagnosis of thyroid nodules when performed by an experienced operator.
 Our study suggests that CNB has a complementary role as an alternative first-line diagnostic tool to FNA for the initial diagnosis of thyroid nodules when performed by an experienced operator.