https://www.selleckchem.com/products/etc-159.html Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are crucial to the malignant behaviour and poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In recent years, CSC biology has been widely studied, but practical prognostic signatures based on CSC-related genes have not been established or reported in PDAC. A signature was developed and validated in seven independent PDAC datasets. The MTAB-6134 cohort was used as the training set, while one local Chinese cohort and five other public cohorts were used for external validation. CSC-related genes with credible prognostic roles were selected to form the signature, and their predictive performance was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and calibration curves. Correlation analysis was employed to clarify the potential biological characteristics of the gene signature. A robust signature comprising DCBLD2, GSDMD, PMAIP1, and PLOD2 was developed. It classified patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. High-risk patients had significantalysis revealed a positive association between risk score and CSC markers. These results had cross-dataset compatibility. Impact This signature could help further improve the current TNM staging system and provide data for the development of novel personalized therapeutic strategies in the future. To generate high-quality evidence, contextually relevant outcome measurement instruments are required. Quality of life evaluation among polio survivors typically involves the use of generic instruments, which are developed and validated among a different groups of people. There is no clear evidence whether these instruments are appropriate for the measurement of quality of life among polio survivors in northwest Nigeria. The purpose of this review is to identify and select a pre-existing instrument that is best suited for the measurement of quality of life among polio survivors in northwest Nigeria. Using the findings of a pr