https://www.selleckchem.com/products/iclepertin.html Obesity and hyperlipidemia are the most prevalent independent risk factors of ESRD, suggesting that lipid accumulation is detrimental to renal function. The origin of lipid accumulation (a common feature in podocyte injury) and its pathophysiological relevance are unknown. This commentary discusses the finding by Liu et al. that deficiency of the endoplasmic reticulum enzyme SOAT1, which metabolizes cholesterol to cholesterol esters, attenuates renal/podocyte injury in murine models of diabetes and Alport's syndrome.Gain-of-function variants in CFB encoding factor B (FB), a component of the alternative pathway C3 convertase, have been reported in a minority of patients with aHUS and result in massive C3 activation. Zhang et al. describe the functional characterization of a novel FB variant (p.Ser367Arg) that they identified in 2 unrelated aHUS pedigrees who had undetectable C3 levels. The mutant FB caused strong C3 cleavage in fluid-phase but also C3 deposition on cell surface. This commentary addresses the implications of these findings for understanding the complexity of complement-related genetic renal diseases.The identification of target antigens in membranous nephropathy has accelerated since the report of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R1). One could say that technological advances have allowed for the demonstration of Moore's law (a doubling every 2 years in the number of transistors that can be fit onto a computer chip) in the field of membranous nephropathy, and that even more antigens can be expected in the near future. In this issue of Kidney International, Sethi et al. describe semaphorin-3B as a novel target antigen, defining a type of membranous nephropathy with onset in the pediatric population.Aging is the strongest independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Glomerular epithelial cells are unable to proliferate and have limited ability to renew; therefore, podocytes must maintain