https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pembrolizumab.html Experiments and theory have shown that cell monolayers and epithelial tissues exhibit solid-liquid and glass-liquid transitions. These transitions are biologically relevant to our understanding of embryonic development, wound healing, and cancer. Current models of confluent epithelia have focused on the role of cell shape, with less attention paid to cell extrusion, which is key for maintaining homeostasis in biological tissue. Here, we use a multiphase field model to study the solid-liquid transition in a confluent monolayer of deformable cells. Cell overlap is allowed and provides a way for modeling the precursor for extrusion. When cells overlap rather than deform, we find that the melting transition changes from continuous to first order like, and that there is an intermittent regime close to the transition, where solid and liquid states alternate over time. By studying the dynamics of five- and sevenfold disclinations in the hexagonal lattice formed by the cell centers, we observe that these correlate with spatial fluctuations in the cellular overlap, and that cell extrusion tends to initiate near fivefold disclinations.We present comprehensive electron spin resonance (ESR) studies of in-plane oriented single crystals of α-RuCl_3, a quasi-two-dimensional material with honeycomb structure, focusing on its high-field spin dynamics. The measurements were performed in magnetic fields up to 16 T, applied along the [110] and [100] directions. Several ESR modes were detected. Combining our findings with recent inelastic neutron- and Raman-scattering data, we identified most of the observed excitations. Most importantly, we show that the low-temperature ESR response beyond the boundary of the magnetically ordered region is dominated by single- and two-particle processes with magnons as elementary excitations. The peculiarities of the excitation spectrum in the vicinity of the critical field are discussed.Applying