https://www.selleckchem.com/products/darapladib-sb-480848.html To assess respectful maternity care (RMC) in health facilities. Cross-sectional study. Forty-three (43) facilities across 15 districts in Bangladesh, 16 in Ghana and 12 in Tanzania. Facility managers; 325 providers (nurses/midwives/doctors)-Bangladesh (158), Ghana (86) and Tanzania (81); and 849 recently delivered women-Bangladesh (295), Ghana (381) and Tanzania (173)-were interviewed. Observation of 641 client-provider interactions was conducted-Bangladesh (387), Ghana (134) and Tanzania (120). Trained social scientists and clinicians assessed infrastructure, policies, provision and women's experiences of RMC (emotional support, respectful care and communication). RMC provided and/or experienced by women. Three (20%) facilities in Bangladesh, four (25%) in Ghana and three (25%) in Tanzania had no maternity clients' toilets and one-half had no handwashing facilities. Policies for RMC such as identification of client abuses were available 81% (Ghana), 73% (Bangladesh) and 50% (Tanzania), but respesh)-will not return to the same facilities for future childbirth. Facilities in Bangladesh, Ghana and Tanzania have foundational systems that facilitate RMC. Structural inadequacies and policy gaps pose challenges. Many women were, however, unwilling to return to the same facilities for future deliveries although they (and providers) highly rated these facilities. Facilities in Bangladesh, Ghana and Tanzania have foundational systems that facilitate RMC. Structural inadequacies and policy gaps pose challenges. Many women were, however, unwilling to return to the same facilities for future deliveries although they (and providers) highly rated these facilities. Strong evidence shows that smoking cessation decreases mortality. Much less is known regarding the association between reduction in cigarettes per day (CPD) and mortality. The primary aim of this systematic review is to compare the mortality risk between smo