Primary aldosteronism (PA) is notably an independent risk factor for cerebral vascular disease but currently with limited knowledge among young adults. The objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence of PA in patients under 45 years old with history of acute stroke and the clinical characteristics during stroke attack. We retrieved the medical records of 116 patients once admitted due to acute stroke and cross-sectionally conducted screening test as well as confirmatory test among those patients. An estimated prevalence of PA was 12.7% among all patients and 21.2% among patients combined with hypertension. During stroke attack, PA patients had experienced higher blood pressure as well as decreased potassium level. The average SBP and DBP of PA patients were 180.0 ± 30.9 and 125.9 ± 24.5 mmHg respectively, both remarkably higher than those without PA(mean SBP 148.9 ± 29.6 mmHg, mean DBP94.1 ± 20.5 mmHg). The mean potassium level was 3.13 ± 0.50 vs. 4.01 ± 0.40 mmol/l. The proportion of hypertension and hypokalemia were also increased for PA patients compared with patients without (hypertension 93.3% vs. 51.5%; hypokalemia 80% vs. 8.9%). Patients were equal in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score as well as Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and stroke subtypes. Considering the fact that excessive aldosterone had detrimental role on cerebral vascular system, we recommend a more rigorous screening for PA with stroke onset under 45 years old, especially those combined with severe hypertension as well as overt hypokalemia. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the tolerability and safety profile of eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL). METHODS Placebo controlled, double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were enrolled by searching Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Online Library, and clinicaltrial.gov. Studies evaluating the safety of ESL on any neurological disorders were included. Adverse events (AEs), serious AEs and AEs-related withdrawals were pooled by direct or indirect meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 4067 patients in 13 RCTs (5 for refractory partial epilepsy, 2 for bipolar I disorder, 1 for migraine, 1 for fibromyalgia, 2 for diabetic neuropathic pain, and 2 for post-herpetic neuralgia) were included. Meta-analysis revealed that ESL treatment had a higher incidence of serious AEs and AEs-related withdrawals than the placebo. Of 35 reported AEs, 13 were significantly associated with ESL treatment, including blurred vision, diplopia, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness, somnolence, headache, rash, hyponatraemia, increased gamma-glutamyl transferase, and dysarthria. Subgroup analysis revealed that dizziness was the only AE significant at 400 mg/day, while diplopia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, somnolence, rash, and hyponatremia at 800 mg/day, and blurred vision, diplopia, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness, somnolence, headache, rash, and hyponatremia at 1200 mg/day were significant. Adjunctive use of ESL in refractory epilepsy significantly led to higher risk for vestibulocerebellar AEs than other disorders. CONCLUSIONS ESL treatment was related to a range of AEs, especially at high doses or when used as adjunctive therapy in epilepsy. While the majority of AEs of ESL were related to the vestibulocerebellar system, hyponatremia and rash should also be noted by clinicians. Mitochondria as one of potential anticancer target, alternatively damaging mtDNA other than nDNA is a potential method for platinum-based anticancer drugs to overcome cisplatin resistance. We herein report that bromocoumarinplatin 1, a coumarin-Pt(IV) prodrug, targeted simultaneously mitochondria and nuclei with the contents of Pt in nDNA and mtDNA were 25.75% and 65.91%, respectively, which demonstrated mtDNA apoptosis played a key role in overcoming cisplatin resistance. Moreover, 1 promoted the expression of p53 gene and protein more effectively than cisplatin, leading to the increased anticancer activity of 1 through p53 pathway.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tween-80.html  The property of preferential accumulation in cancer cells (Snu-368 and Snu-739) compared to the matched normal cells (HL-7702 cells) demonstrated that 1 was potentially safe for clinical therapeutic use. In addition, the higher therapeutic indices of 1 for HCT-116 cells in vivo indicated that bromocoumarinplatin behaved a vital function in the treatment of colon cancer. Two key enzymes like α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) play an important role in the development of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), and inhibiting them is a common treatment strategy for T2D. In this study, an ultrafiltration- centrifugation approach was developed to isolate peptides from dark protein extract. Consequently, 6 peptides TAELLPR, CGKKFVR, AVPANLVDLNVPALLK, VVDLVFFAAAK, MSLYPR and QGQELLPSDFK were identified. The four peptides exhibited α-glucosidase inhibition activities with the IC50 values of 0.43 ± 0.03, 0.52 ± 0.09, 1.03 ± 0.13 and 0.04 ± 0.04 mg/mL, respectively, which were lower than the IC50 value of positive drug acarbose (1.51 ± 0.23 mg/mL); the last two peptides had DPP4 inhibition activities with the IC50 values of 1.35 ± 0.15 and 3.89 ± 0.22 mg/mL, respectively. This suggests that dark tea-derived peptides, for the first time, were found to be potential agents for α-glucosidase and DPP4 inhibition. Corn processing generates thousands of tons of cob husks, which still contains many valuable elements. To make the most of these wastes, they are applied as substrates for biotransformation's procedures. This approach allowed converting or releasing, the elements deposited in the plant material and obtaining valuable products. Thus bioconversion of corn cob husks (CCH) using a fungus of the Fusarium culmorum genus resulted in obtaining silica nanoparticles of defined size and morphology. SEM analysis excluded their presence on the surface of the substrate. FTIR confirmed the presence of siloxane bonds and O-Si-O bonds in post-biotransformation fluid. Using the Heteropoly Blue Method, it was checked that the highest concentration of silica during 16-day biotransformation falls on the 7th day of the process, in which both the substrate sterilization and the process of the biocatalyst starvation were of key importance. Using the STEM and EDX analysis, it was proved that the obtained nanoparticles with a spherical form are structured and their dimensions are ~40 and ~70 nm.