In this study, first, graphitic carbon nitride was treated with hydrogen peroxide (abbreviated as H2O2-g-C3N4), then was used as a new hydrophilic nanomaterial in the fabrication of polyethersulfone (PES) mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for improving flux, protein and dye separation efficiency and antifouling properties. The H2O2-g-C3N4 nanosheet was inserted into the doping solution to fabricate PES/H2O2-g-C3N4 nanocomposite membrane with the non-solvent induced phase inversion procedure. The results of the SEM and AFM images and also porosity and contact angle analysis were indicated that the modified membranes with H2O2-g-C3N4 had more porosity, smoother surface and more hydrophilic. Also, the influence of various weight percentage of H2O2-g-C3N4 was investigated systematically on the membrane performance. By blending of H2O2-g-C3N4 nanosheet in the membrane matrix, the permeability was raised from 4.1 (for bare membrane) to 30.1 L m-2 h-1 bar-1. Additionally, the effect of the H2O2-g-C3N4 material on the antifouling features indicated that the flux recover ratio of the H2O2-g-C3N4 MMMs was improved and the resistance parameters were reduced. Also, the effect of the H2O2-g-C3N4 material on the antifouling features indicated that the flux recover ratio of the H2O2-g-C3N4 MMMs was improved and the resistance parameters were reduced. Finally, the dye rejection efficiency of the nanocomposite membranes for Orange II and Reactive Yellow 168 was improved. As a result, it could be mentioned that the mixing low amount of H2O2-g-C3N4 in the membrane structure could significantly improve the membrane flux and antifouling properties without reduction in membrane rejection efficiency.The increasingly common remedial application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) to alleviate specific contaminant issues may inadvertently lead to nZVI accumulation in wastewater. This is a potential concern, because the effect of nZVI on the common microbes essential for wastewater biotreatment is not known. This is further complicated when there are many ways available to synthesize nZVI, which may interreact with bacteria differently. Thus, in this study, the different effects of nZVI synthesized by Eucalyptus leaves (EL-nZVI) and a commercially synthesized nZVI on the biodegradation of crystal violet by Burkholderia vietnamiensis C09V (B.V. C09V) was studied. At high dose (1000 mg/L), EL-nZVI and commercial nZVI both significantly inhibited the removal of crystal violet by B.V. C09V, decreasing removal rates by 10.5 and 13.1% respectively. Optical density (OD600) and soluble protein assays indicated that the growth of B.V. C09V improved under low doses (100 mg/L), but remained inhibited under high dosesology was also important. These new findings suggest chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles should be replaced by biosynthetic routes to maintain viable microbial pollution during wastewater treatment.Contaminated water with landfill leachate (CWLL) with high salinity and high organic content (total organic carbon (TOC) = 649 mg/L and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) = 1175 mg/L) is a toxic and non-biodegradable effluent. The present research aimed to assess the treatment effectiveness of CWLL by electrocoagulation (EC)/oxidant process. The ferrous ions generated during the process were employed as coagulant and catalyst for the activation of different oxidants such as peroxymonosulfate (PMS), peroxydisulfate (PDS), hydrogen peroxide (HP), and percarbonate (PC) to decrease TOC in CWLL. Removal of ammonia, color, phosphorous, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from CWLL effluent was explored at various processes. EC/HP had the best performance (∼73%) in mineralization of organic pollutants compared to others under the condition of pH 6.8, applied current of 200 mA, oxidant dosage of 6 mM, and time of 80 min. The oxidation priority was to follow this order EC/HP > EC/PMS > EC/PDS > EC/PC. These processes enhanced the biodegradability of CWLL based on the average oxidation state and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)/COD ratio. SUVA254 and E2/E3 indices were also investigated on obtained effluents. The phytotoxicity evaluation was carried out based on the germination index, indicating that the electro-activated oxidant was an effective system to reduce the toxicity of polluted waters. EC/HP showed supremacy compared to others in terms of efficiency, cost, and detoxification.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/4sc-202.html  Therefore, the electro-activated oxidant system is a good means for removing organic pollutants from real wastewater.Achieving adequate manganese removal during water treatment is a challenging process. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of gravity driven ceramic membrane (GDCM) filtration in the elimination of manganese from surface water. The impact of membrane pre-modification with birnessite and molecular weight cut-off on long-term water treatment efficiency was investigated by assessing filtration units with 300 kDa virgin membrane (300 kDa-blank), 300 kDa membrane pre-coated with manganese oxides (300 kDa-MnOx), and 15 kDa virgin membrane (15 kDa-blank). The results of 300 kDa-blank and 300 kDa-MnOx indicated that depositing manganese oxides (produced via ozone (O3) oxidation) prior to water treatment was conducive to ripening of cake layer which played a major role in Mn removal. Reducing membrane molecular cut-off from 300 to 15 kDa also significantly reduced permeate Mn concentration, achieving a removal efficiency of 75% at the end of the trial (highest of all the units). Relative to 300 kDa-blank, the greater manganese removals in the other two systems can be attributed to 1) the long hydraulic retention times resulting from the higher membrane resistance, and 2) the higher abundance of biologically produced Birnessite materials in the cake layers for manganese oxidation. Raman analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that 15 kDa-blank achieved the highest level of Birnessite production and most cake materials featured a flower-like structure and relatively small size (as shown under a scanning electron microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy element mapping analysis), suggesting a higher surface area for Mn oxidation.