All the designed compounds showed proper and stable chemical interactions with gp41 according to the in silico studies.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/fluoxetine.html  The results of the biological tests proved none of the compounds active against HIV-1 replication in cell cultures.
 
  Since all the studied compounds were potently toxic for the host cell; it was therefore not possible to assess their anti-HIV activities.
 Since all the studied compounds were potently toxic for the host cell; it was therefore not possible to assess their anti-HIV activities.
  Toxoplasmosis is still a neglected common opportunistic infection in immunocompromised individuals, who are mainly people living with HIV (PLHIV) in whom reactivation of toxoplasmosis may occur with advanced HIV conditions in resource-limited settings (RLS).
 
  The objective was to assess the correlation between anti-toxoplasmic immunoglobulin G (anti-Toxo IgG) concentration and the immuno-virological status of PLHIV.
 
  A cross-sectional study was conducted in the year 2018 among 100 PLHIV aged ≥18 years in Yaounde-Cameroon. For each participant, anti-Toxo IgG, CD4-T lymphocytes, and plasma viral load (PVL) were measured using ELISA, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR, respectively.
 
  Overall, 56% of the participants were seropositive for anti-Toxo IgG, while 33% were negative and 11% were equivocal. All (n=19) those with PVL>1000 copies/mL were seropositive to anti-Toxo IgG versus 52.85% (37/70) with PVL<1000 copies/mL; p<0.0001. Interestingly, all (n=11) those with severe immunodeficiency (T-CD4&ltf immunodeficiency, routine quantification of anti-Toxo IgG would alleviate the programmatic burden of this opportunistic infection in RLS with the generalized HIV epidemic.Tuberculosis (TB) is a devastating disease responsible for millions of humans' deaths worldwide. It is caused by a mycobacterial organism, the tubercle bacillus or Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although TB can be treated, cured and can be prevented if patients take prescribed medicines, scientists have never come close to wiping it out due to a sharp rise in the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) mycobacterium strains. Due to long regimen treatment and emergence of MDR and XDR-TB, it is urgent to re-engineer and reposition old drugs for developing new antimycobacterial entities with novel mechanisms of action to achieve effective TB control even against the resistant forms of TB. To combat the dreadful MDR and XDR-TB, potential targets are being extensively searched for the last couple of years for the design and discovery of active potential antitubercular chemotherapeutics. To explore the disease virulence, potential new tubercular target enzymes such as InhA, MmpL3, ATP synthase, DprE1, QcrB and MenA have been taken into consideration in the present study and the structure-based design of the corresponding target inhibitors which are under clinical investigation has been attempted to identify structural features for the discovery of new chemical entities (NCEs) having specificity towards MDR and XDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis).
  Tuberculosis (TB) is a major infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. As per the World Health Organization (WHO) report of 2019, there were 1.5 million deaths in the year 2018, mainly because of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR & XDR-TB). Among several antitubercular drugs in clinical trials, bedaquiline (TMC207) is a highly promising drug that was approved by the FDA in 2012 and marketed in 2016 for the treatment of multidrug resistant TB in combination with other drugs. Bedaquiline acts on mycobacterial ATP synthase and is highly effective in replicating as well as on dormant mycobacteria. Several series of substituted quinolines have been reported with their antitubercular and ATP synthase inhibitory activity.
 
  To understand the role of physicochemical parameters like hydrophobicity, electronic and steric factors in eliciting the biological response, the Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies have been carried out using the computed parametin the identification of novel antitubercular agents.KRAS mutations are known to be the most recurrent gain-of-function changes instigated in patients with cancer. The RAS gene family is often mutated in most of the human cancers, and the pursuit of inhibitors that bind to mutant RAS continues as a foremost target. RAS is a small GTPase that controls numerous cellular functions, including cell proliferation, growth, survival, and gene expression. RAS is hence closely engaged in cancer pathogenesis. The recent achievements in the discovery of RAS inhibitors imply that the inhibition of RAS oncogene may soon go into clinical trials. This review article describes the role of RAS in cancer drug discovery, the diverse methodologies used to develop direct or indirect RAS inhibitors, and emphasize the current accomplishments in the progress of novel RAS inhibitors. In short, this review focuses on the different attributes of RAS that have been targeted by a range of inhibitors consisting of membrane localization, the active form of RAS, downstream regulator binding, and nucleotide exchange binding. A detailed explanation of RAS and its involvement in cancer drug discovery together with historical aspects are mentioned first followed by a brief outline of the different approaches to target RAS.
  To design D-Mannose conjugated 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) loaded Jackfruit seed starch nanoparticles (JFSSNPs) for site specific delivery. <P> Background Liver cancer is the third leading cause of death in world and fifth most often diagnosed cancer is the major global threat to public health. Treatment of liver cancer with conventional method bears several side effects, thus to undertake these side effects as a formulation challenge, it is necessary to develop novel target specific drug delivery system for the effective and better localization of drug into the proximity of target with restricting the movement of drug in normal tissues. <P> Objective To optimize and characterize the developed D-Mannose conjugated 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) loaded Jackfruit seed starch nanoparticles (JFSSNPs) for effective treatment of liver cancer. <P> Materials and methods5-FU loaded JFSSNPs were prepared and optimized formulation had higher encapsulation efficiency were conjugated with D-Mannose. These formulations were characterized for size, morphology, zeta potential, X-Ray Diffraction, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry.