4 (1-8) mg kg
  ; p= 0.018]. Induction scores [group A 5 (4-5); group D 5 (3-5)] (p= 0.989), recovery scores [group A 5 (4-5); group D 5(3-5)](p= 0.738) and anaesthesia duration [group A93 (50-170); group D 96 (54-263) minutes] (p= 0.758) were similar between groups. Time to extubation was longer in group A 12.5 (3-35) versus group D 5.5 (0-15) minutes; (p= 0.005). During recovery, two dogs required emergency intubation (p > 0.99) and five dogs required additional sedation (p > 0.99). Oxygen supplementation was required in 16 and 12 dogs in group A and D, respectively (p= 0.167); no dogs in group A and one dog in group D regurgitated (p= 0.311).
 
  Dexmedetomidine 2 μg kg
  produces more sedation but similar recovery quality to acepromazine 20 μg kg
  combined with methadone in dogs undergoing BOAS surgery.
 Dexmedetomidine 2 μg kg-1 produces more sedation but similar recovery quality to acepromazine 20 μg kg-1 combined with methadone in dogs undergoing BOAS surgery.
  The aim was to describe levels of subjective Health Literacy (HL), and to examine possible differences in prevalence proportions between sexes, age groups and level of educations among youth athletes and their mentors (coaches, parents/caregivers) in Swedish Athletics.
 
  Cross-sectional.
 
  Data on subjective HL were collected using the Swedish Communicative and Critical Health Literacy (S-CCHL) instrument for mentors and for youth the School-Aged Children (HLSAC) instrument. Questions assessing mentors' literacy on sports injury and return to play were also included.
 
  The surveys were completed by 159 (91%) mentors and 143 youth athletes (87%). The level of S-CCHL was sufficient in 53% of the mentors. Of youth athletes, 28% reported a high level of HL and the item with least perceived high HL (21%) was critical thinking. Ninety-four percent of the mentors believed that it is quite possible to prevent injuries in athletics and 53% perceived having a very good knowledge about how to prevent injuries. Forty-six percent of the mentors perceived having a very good knowledge of return to sport criteria.
 
  The level of health literacy was low with about half of the mentors and one out of three youth athletes having adequate HL levels. Only half of the mentors stated having a good knowledge of various injury prevention strategies. To reduce health consequences in youth sport and enable talent development more work is needed to understand the facilitators and barriers for the uptake of various health promotion and injury prevention strategies.
 The level of health literacy was low with about half of the mentors and one out of three youth athletes having adequate HL levels. Only half of the mentors stated having a good knowledge of various injury prevention strategies. To reduce health consequences in youth sport and enable talent development more work is needed to understand the facilitators and barriers for the uptake of various health promotion and injury prevention strategies.
  Children undergoing surgery and general anesthesia often experience preoperative anxiety (POA) with related negative short-, medium- and long-term consequences. Anxiolytic premedication has negative side effects, and nonpharmacologic interventions are often resource demanding and not always readily available in a busy clinical setting. The use of an age-appropriate game on a tablet computer may reduce POA, postoperative pain, and occurrence of emergence delirium (ED).
 
  Children aged 3 to 6years scheduled to undergo elective minor surgery were randomly assigned to play a game on a tablet computer while in the holding area before anesthesia (n=30) or prepared as per departmental standard only (n=30).
 
  POA, ED, and levels of pain were assessed by the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale, Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium, and Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale, respectively.
 
  A total of 60 children were randomized to either the intervention group or the control group.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD2281(Olaparib).html  Gender, bodyweigh surgery. However, the occurrence of ED and levels of pain appeared unaffected. Standardization of nonpharmacologic interventions to reduce perioperative anxiety and pain is required.
  The aim of this study was to compare the comfort level, nasal obstruction, sleep quality, and fatigue of patients with septal deviation preseptoplasty and postseptoplasty.
 
  A prospective study conducted on 65 patients diagnosed with septal deviation.
 
  The data of the study were collected using an Introductory Information Form, a Short General Comfort Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Fatigue Severity Scale, and the Nasal Obstruction Septoplasty Effectiveness Scale. Linear regression was performed to evaluate the extent of the relationship of predictors affecting the comfort level.
 
  There was a statistically significant difference between the scores in the preoperative period and postoperative weeks 4 and 12. It was found that patients' use of sleeping medication, nasal obstruction, fatigue, and subjective sleep quality were the primary predictors of comfort levels in the preoperative period. In the postoperative week 4, comfort level predictors were daytime dysfunction and subjective sleep quality. Daytime dysfunction and working conditions were the predictors of comfort level in the postoperative week 12.
 
  Many physical problems, such as nasal obstruction, fatigue, and sleep disorders were detected in patients before septoplasty. This study revealed the importance of performing septoplasty before sleep quality reaches a pathologic level or requires a sleep medication.
 Many physical problems, such as nasal obstruction, fatigue, and sleep disorders were detected in patients before septoplasty. This study revealed the importance of performing septoplasty before sleep quality reaches a pathologic level or requires a sleep medication.
  The optimal approach for patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), who are contraindicated for a transfemoral (TF) approach, is still controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the utility of the TAVR via a subclavian artery with a small diameter, by minimal incision and a double Z suture hemostasis technique using 18 Fr DrySeal Flex sheath, namely minimum-incision transsubclavian TAVR (MITS-TAVR), in patients contraindicated for the TF approach.
 
  We included consecutive patients who underwent the MITS-TAVR (MITS group; n=21) and TF-TAVR (TF group; n=81) using the CoreValve Evolut R/PRO valves and examined the incidence of in-hospital adverse events and post-discharge mortality between the two groups.
 
  The mean body surface area was significantly smaller in the MITS group (1.33±0.04vs. 1.43±0.02m2; p=0.045). The minimal lumen diameter of the femoral artery was significantly smaller in the MITS group (5.01vs. 6.43mm; p<0.01). The lumen diameter of the left subclavian artery (LSA) in the MITS group was 4.