https://www.selleckchem.com/products/thiomyristoyl.html The source code is available at "https//github.com/yushanqiu/yushan.qiu-szu.edu.cn".We herein report the distal γ-C(sp 3 )-H olefination of ketone derivatives and free carboxylic acids. Fine tuning of our previously reported imino-acid directing group and use of the ligand combination of mono- N -protected amino acid (MPAA) ligands and electron-deficient 2-pyridone ligands were critical for the γ-C(sp 3 )-H olefination of ketone substrates. In addition, MPAA ligands were found to enable the γ-C(sp 3 )-H olefination of free carboxylic acids to form diverse 6-membered lactones. Besides alkyl carboxylic acids, benzylic C(sp 3 )-H also could be functionalized to form 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin structures in a single step from 2-methyl benzoic acid derivatives. The utility of these protocols was demonstrated in large scale reactions and diversifications of the γ-C(sp 3 )-H olefinated products.Numerous studies have examined the electrochemical behavior of Co-28Cr-6Mo and Co-35Ni-20Cr-10Mo in simulated physiological solutions. However, two other CoCr alloys-Co-20Cr-15W-10Ni and Co-20Cr-16Fe-15Ni-7Mo-have received relatively little attention. In this work, cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of as-received and passivated CoCrWNi and CoCrFeNiMo in phosphate-buffered saline. Comparison of the potentiodynamic results with those for as-received and electropolished CoNiCrMo showed marked differences in the passive behavior of the three alloys, even though they are all Co-20Cr. The passive film on all three alloys underwent solid-state oxidation involving Cr(III) to Cr(VI) and Co(II) to Co(III). However, the alloys then differed substantially in their behavior. CoCrFeNiMo exhibited no further changes up to the onset of water oxidation, whereas CoNiCrMo was subject to transpassive dissolution, while CoCrWNi underwent a second ox