https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bardoxolone.html Orbital decompression (OD) for Graves' orbitopathy usually includes removal of orbital medial wall. While OD occasionally cause or worsen chronic sinusitis because of the obstructed sinus drainage by prolapsed orbital fat, to date few reports have been published on the management or prevention of sinusitis associated with OD. Here, we present two patients (three sides) with newly developed and one patient (one side) with worsening obstructive frontal sinusitis following OD. These three patients had OD including the removal of the superior attachment of uncinated process to lamina papyracea. Endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP) was useful to relieve symptoms and keep an enough access to frontal sinuses for all cases. We also performed EMLP for another two patients (four sides) with pre-existing sinusitis before OD. Worsening of sinusitis could be avoided by EMLP before OD. EMLP was useful approach for both treatment and prevention of sinusitis related to OD. The superior attachment site of uncinated process and the pattern of frontal sinus drainage might predict the occurrence of obstructive frontal sinusitis following OD. V.OBJECTIVES The risk of aspiration pneumonia has been reported to increase with age, especially in elderly residents of nursing homes. However, the characteristics of those with swallowing impairments at elderly care facilities have not yet been evaluated using reliable instrumental examinations. The aims of the current study were to investigate the frequency of swallowing impairment and determine the characteristics of the elderly with swallowing disorders residing at care facilities. METHODS To reveal the characteristics of the elderly with swallowing disorders, questionnaires for dysphagia screening and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) were used. Regarding the dysphagia screening, two types of questionnaires were sent to 451 elderly persons aged 65 years and older