https://www.selleckchem.com/products/U0126.html The physicochemical properties and structural changes of potato starch esterified with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) assisted with pulsed electric field (PEF) were investigated. Results showed that PEF treatment during esterification resulted in a significant modification of pasting properties. The pasting temperature at 2-6 kV/cm reduced by 7.6-15.1 °C for PEF-assisted OSA starches but only by 3 °C for OSA modified starch without PEF treatment as compared to that of native starch. PEF-assisted esterification could reduce the reaction time and improve the reaction efficiency over the control by 6.1-39.1 %. A novel schematic model on structure-functionality relationship for PEF-assisted OSA modified starch was proposed. Structural disorganizations of starch induced lower pasting temperature and paste viscosity. The results suggest that PEF could be a potential eco-friendly and cost-effective physical technique to prepare starch products with desired paste behaviors and to broaden its application area especially in papermaking and textile industries.Cellulose-lignin composite carbon fibers have shown to be a potential environmentally benign alternative to the traditional polyacrylonitrile precursor. With the associated cost reduction, cellulose-lignin carbon fibers are an attractive light-weight material for, e.g. wind power and automobile manufacturing. The carbon fiber tenacity, tensile modulus and creep resistance is in part determined by the carbon content and the molecular orientation distribution of the precursor. This work disassociates the molecular orientation of different components in cellulose-lignin composite fibers using rotor-synchronized solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray scattering. Our results show that lignin is completely disordered, in a mechanically stretched cellulose-lignin composite fiber, while the cellulose is ordered. In contrast, the native spruce wood raw materi