https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sc-43.html Design of the guided-mode resonance (GMR) grating filter, as one of the most important optical components, using the cultural algorithm (CA) is presented, for the first time. CA is an evolutionary algorithm (EA) which is easy-to-implement, flexible, inspired by the human cultural evolution, upon using the domain knowledge for reducing the search space as a metaheuristic optimization method. Reflection spectra of the designed GMR filter based on the CA is in good agreement with the previous simulation results. CA has both acceptable accuracy and enough high speed to optimize the complicated structures; therefore, a novel double-line asymmetrical transmitter (DLAT) is introduced and optimized as a complex grating-based optical component using the mentioned algorithm. The results show the transmittance at two different communication wavelengths (1.5039 and 1.6113 µm) using the combination of binary diffraction grating and customized photonic crystal (PhC) structure. Also, the DLAT shows the characteristics of a perfect transverse magnetic (TM) polarizer. Furthermore, we demonstrated the Talbot effect at the DLAT output which is so applicable in the optical usage, especially for the integrated optics.We report and characterize sub-kHz linewidth operation of an AlGaInP-based VECSEL system suitable for addressing the narrow cooling transition of neutral strontium atoms at 689 nm. When frequency-stabilized to a standard air-spaced Fabry-Perot cavity (finesse 1000) via the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique, it delivers output power >150 mW in a circularly-symmetric single transverse mode with low frequency and intensity noise. The optical field was reconstructed from the frequency noise error signal via autocorrelation and the Wiener-Khintchine theorem, leading to an estimated linewidth of (125 ± 2) Hz. Optical beat note measurements were performed against a commercial locked laser system and a second, almost identical, VECSEL