BACKGROUND & AIMS The risk allele (G) of rs10830963 in the melatonin receptor 1 B (MTNR1B) gene presents an association with biochemical parameters and obesity. We study the effect of this SNP on insulin resistance and weight loss secondary to two hypocaloric diets. METHODS 270 obese subjects were randomly allocated during 9 months (Diet HP a high protein/low carbohydrate vs. Diet S a standard severe hypocaloric diets). Anthropometric parameters, fasting blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin concentration, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile and adipocytokines levels were measured. Genotype of MTNR1B gene polymorphism (rs10830963) was evaluated.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lys05.html  RESULTS All adiposity parameters, systolic blood pressure and leptin levels decreased in all subjects after both diets. This improvement of adiposity parameters was higher in non-G allele carriers than G allele carriers. After weight loss with Diet HP, (CC vs. CG + GG at 9 months); total cholesterol (delta -9.9 ± 2.4 mg/dl vs. -4.8 ± 2.2 mg/dlp  leserent hypocaloric during 9 months. Production of tetanus and other clostridial vaccines highly depends on the stable and reproducible production of high toxin levels. This creates a need to ensure the genetic stability of seed strains. We developed a two-stage method for improved assessment of the genetic stability of Clostridium seed strains. This method is based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) of strain DNA and mapping the sequence reads to a reference sequence. The output allows analysis of global genome consistency followed, if necessary, by detailed expert judgement of potential deviations at the gene level. The limit of detection of our method is an order of magnitude better than that of the currently established pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Improved genetic characterization of bacterial seed lots will have a positive impact on the characterization of the production process. This will be a first step towards applying the consistency approach to vaccine batch release of established vaccines. This can contribute to the reduction and ultimately replacement of routinely used animal tests in vaccine production. This work was carried out as part of the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 (IMI2) project VAC2VAC (Vaccine batch to vaccine batch comparison by consistency testing). Virus contamination events in cell culture-based biotechnology processes have occurred and have had a dramatic impact on the supply of life-saving drugs, and thus on the wellbeing of patients. Cleanup requires effective and robust virucidal decontamination procedures for both the liquid reactor content before discharge, as well as facility surfaces to prevent recurrence. Beyond rare contamination events, it is important to implement virucidal disinfection for change-over procedures as effective preventive measure in routine biomanufacturing. Knowledge of the virus inactivation capacity of commonly used disinfectants is therefore important. However, available virus inactivation data often refer to studies performed in suspension only, and not, as often more relevant, to virus inactivation on surfaces. In this study three liquid disinfectants, based on sodium hypochlorite, glutaraldehyde, or hydrogen peroxide/peroxyacetic acid, as well as one gaseous hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectant were investigated for inactivation of lipid enveloped and non-lipid enveloped model viruses, using suspension (for the liquid disinfectants) and carrier assay designs for their virucidal efficacy on surface. The results of these side-by-side investigations demonstrate that depending on the type of application, i.e. routine surface disinfection or decontamination of e.g. a contaminated bioreactor content, the most effective choice of disinfectant may be remarkably different. BACKGROUND The purpose of this article is to illuminate differences in published clinical practice guideline recommendations for breast reconstruction after prophylactic and therapeutic mastectomy. METHODS Ten guidelines were identified through a systematic search of websites and databases of reputable oncology guideline developers, and key differences and gaps in recommendations were noted. Quality assessment of the guidelines was conducted by three reviewers using the AGREE II tool, focusing on breast reconstruction specific documents rather than the general breast cancer guidelines. RESULTS The most comprehensive guidelines were published by Alberta Health Services, Cancer Care Ontario, the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and the Association of Breast Surgery/British Association of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. AGREE II scores in the domains of "Scope and Purpose" and "Clarity and Presentation" were ranked relatively high for all four guidelines while "Applicability" and "Editorial Independence" were ranked relatively low. The Alberta and Ontario guidelines were the overall highest ranked guidelines across all domains. CONCLUSION Overall, these guidelines provide consistent recommendations on who should receive breast reconstruction education, who is a candidate for postmastectomy breast reconstruction, and the appropriate timing of reconstruction and extent of mastectomy. Future updates from all should focus on expanding to include alloplastic and autologous forms of reconstruction and should include a broad scope of relevant questions. Crown All rights reserved.Trauma is the leading cause of death in people under the age of 45 years, and it has gained wide attention from academics worldwide. Therefore, more and more studies have reported on trauma and related fields in recent decades. In 2019, Chinese Journal of Traumatology (CJTEE) published 69 articles covering traffic medicine, wound healing, bone trauma, emergency care, and other hot topics of traumatology. Here we reviewed a series of articles published in CJTEE on the topics mentioned above, try to give a brief introduction of progress in trauma field. V.PURPOSE To explore the significance of traditional vascular reconstruction and covered stent for limb salvage after subclavian artery injury. METHODS Patients with subclavian artery injury admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All the injuries have been confirmed by intraoperative exploration, computed tomography angiography or digital subtraction angiography. Complete or partial amputation injuries were excluded. Mild artery defect or partial intimal damage was treated by interventional implantation, while other patients received open surgeries, including direct suture of small defect less than 2 cm and transplantation with autologous vein or artificial blood when the defect was more than 2 cm. Patients were divided into open surgery group and stent implantation group based on the treatment they received. Patients were followed up at 2 weeks (first stage) and 6 months (second stage) after operation to investigate limb salvage. Student's t-test was used to compare the general data between two groups and Chi-square test to analyze the rate of limb salvage.