https://www.selleckchem.com/products/indoximod-nlg-8189.html Somatic or germline mutations in genes regulating DNA damage repair have been noted in around 20% of patients with advanced prostate cancer. Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have shown encouraging efficacy in prostate cancer patients with DNA repair mutations. Two PARP inhibitors, olaparib, and rucaparib have recently received FDA approval for treatment of patients with advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), while several trials with other PARP inhibitors are ongoing. Here, we briefly summarize the current data supporting the efficacy of PARP inhibitors in advanced CRPC.Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, causes millions of deaths worldwide. HAT is primarily transmitted by the vector tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans). Early diagnosis remains a key objective for treating this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNAs that play key roles in vector-borne diseases. To date, the roles of proteins and miRNAs in HAT disease have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, we have re-annotated the function of protein-coding genes and identified several miRNAs based on a series of bioinformatics tools. A batch of 81.1 % of tsetse fly proteins could be determined homology in mosquito genome, suggesting their probable similar mechanisms in vector-borne diseases. A set of 11 novel salivary proteins and 14 midgut proteins were observed in the tsetse fly, which could be applied to the development of vaccine candidates for the control of HAT disease. In addition, 35 novel miRNAs were identified, among which 10 miRNAs were found to be unique in tsetse fly. Pathway analysis of these 10 miRNAs indicated that targets of miR-15a-5p were significantly enriched in the HAT-related neurotrophin signaling pathway. Besides, topological analysis of the miRNA-gene network indicated that miR-619-5p and miR-2490-3p targeted several genes