https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Dihydroartemisinin(DHA).html Results The total number of lumbar discs with decreased SI increased from 23/130 (18%) to 92/130 (71%) - from 0.9 to 3.5 per subject during the follow-up. Distribution of DD changed from being mostly in L4 - L5 and L5 - S1 discs to being almost even between the four lowermost discs. Discs that had even slightly decreased SI at baseline were more likely to have severely decreased SI at follow-up, compared to healthy discs (57% vs 11%, p less then 0.001). Other degenerative changes were also more common in these discs. Severity of DD at baseline did not have a significant association with current pain or disability. Conclusions In young LBP patients, early degeneration in lumbar discs predicts progressive degenerative changes in the respective discs, but not pain, disability, or clinical symptoms. Level of evidence 4.Study design A retrospective single-center study. Objective To investigate the influence of the K-line in the neck-flexed position (flexion K-line) on the surgical outcome after muscle-preserving selective laminectomy (SL) for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Summary of background data Development of CSM is associated with dynamic factors and cervical alignment. The flexion K-line, which reflects both dynamic and alignment factors, provides an indicator of surgical outcome after posterior decompression surgery for patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. However, the value of the flexion K-line for patients with CSM has not been evaluated. Methods Our study group included 159 patients treated with SL for CSM. Patients were divided into a flexion K-line (+) group and a flexion K-line (-) group. The influence of the flexion K-line on radiological and surgical outcomes was analyzed, with multivariate analysis conducted to identify factors affecting the surgical outcome. Results Paidence 4.Study design Retrospective comparative study. Objective To investigate the