To offer such a comprehensive approach, a specialized staff, including health professionals with different expertise, is necessary. Each specialist plays a specific role inside the multimodal intervention, with the aim of delivering the best cancer care and access to the most effective therapeutic options for each patient.Introduction In the last decades, the large use of several effective vaccines has dramatically reduced the incidence of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in infants and children. Moreover, the availability of new antibiotics effective against emerging resistant strains of bacteria has greatly improved the early and long-term prognosis of this disease.Areas covered The aim of this manuscript is to evaluate the burden of complicated CAP in pediatric age and to discuss its appropriate management.Expert opinion Complicated CAP remains a problem for children in industrialized and developing countries. A larger use of lung ultrasonography (US) as first diagnostic approach could significantly improve early identification of cases at higher risk of complications. Difficult to solve, is the problem of the use of an antibiotic therapy able to assure adequate control in all the CAP cases, including those at high risk of or with already established complications. All these findings reveal that control of the incidence of complicated CAP remains difficult and will not be significantly changed in the next few years. Any attempt to improve complicated CAP management must be made. Consensus documents on better definition of the use of corticosteroids, fibrinolytic agents, and interventional procedures (including surgery) can allow us to reach this goal.
  To determine whether photothermal polymer nanoparticles (NPs) can interface with bacteria associated with kidney stones, generate heat when stimulated with near infrared (NIR) light, and aid in reducing bacterial burden.
 
  Two types of kidney stones, artificial, and those removed during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), were inoculated with 
  (
  ) and then incubated with NPs composed of FITC-labeled Poly[4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']-dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole-4,7-diyl] (PCPDTBSe). Association of the PCPDTBSe NPs was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jhu-083.html  Infected stones were incubated with NPs and exposed to 800 nm light to generate temperature increases from 25.4 to 68.6 °C on the stones. Following photothermal treatment, the stones were homogenized and the bacteria was enumerated 
  colony counting assays to evaluate the bactericidal effect. The photothermal effect was also evaluated using scanning electron microscopy of the treated biofilms.
 
  Both kidney stone types sequestered 
  . Control stones and stones treated with laser only had growth of numerous bacterial colonies, while stones exposed to NPs and laser grew significantly less, or none (
   = 0.02).
 
  The polymer NPs interface with 
  on artificial and patient-derived kidney stones, and they can impart a bactericidal effect, when stimulated with NIR to generate heat. This technique may possibly be extended to treating infected kidney stones in patients.
 The polymer NPs interface with E. coli on artificial and patient-derived kidney stones, and they can impart a bactericidal effect, when stimulated with NIR to generate heat. This technique may possibly be extended to treating infected kidney stones in patients.427 women were included in this observational cohort study to determine the rate of exclusive (EB), mixed (MB) and artificial breastfeeding (AB) and the personal reasons and social factors influencing this decision. An initial survey was conducted within the first 36 h postpartum and a second wave was carried out 3 months after delivery. 55.74% (238) of the patients intended to EB, 32.55% (139) AB and 11.71% (50) MB. After 3 months, a high percentage in group EB (75.23%) maintained EB. The main reason for switching to AB was the absence of milk or weight loss of the newborn. In conclusion, EB is the preferred form for feeding newborns. When these women returned to their workplace, most of them wanted to continue with EB. Women with higher academic degrees chose more often EB.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding are well known. However, in modern western societies, it is not easy to combine breastfeeding with day-to-day activity. Work activity, age or previous parity are some of the factors that may influence the election of the type of lactation.What do the results of this study add? Exclusive breastfeeding is the preferred method for feeding newborns immediately postpartum and 3 months later. Work activity does not seem to influence or to switch the choice. However, the level of education could be a determinant of adherence to exclusive breastfeeding.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Assessing the factors that favour adherence to exclusive breastfeeding might be a useful tool to its promotion. This study warrants further multivariate analyses on the same topic and additional studies in other social contexts.
  To assess the capability of ultrasound-computed tomography (US-CT) fusion imaging to guide a precise targeting of renal tumors invisible or poorly visible with US.
 
  From 2016 renal tumors poorly visible or inconspicuous/invisible at US were treated at our institution with the guidance of US/CT fusion in a room equipped with CT scanner. Feasibility of the procedure, accuracy of targeting, complications, and technique efficacy were evaluated.
 
  Of 227 patients treated from 2016 to March 2020, 91 patients (65 males and 26 females, mean age 68.5 ± 10.1 years) with 97 renal lesions (mean maximum diameter 21.6 ± 9.4 mm) inconspicuous/invisible (29/97, 29.9%) or poorly visible (68/97, 70.1%) at US underwent treatment under US-CT fusion guidance. US-CT fusion imaging guidance was always technically feasible and enabled correct targeting in 97/97/(100%) of cases. Technical success was achieved in 93/97 lesions (95.9%). Three lesions were retreated during the same ablative session, while 1 was retreated in a subsequent session.