All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ga-017.html  All rights reserved.Organic electrode materials hold great potential for fabricating sustainable energy storage systems, however, the development of organic redox-active moieties for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries is still at an early stage. Here, we report a bio-inspired riboflavin-based aqueous zinc-ion battery utilizing an isoalloxazine ring as the redox center for the first time. This battery exhibits a high capacity of 145.5 mAh g-1 at 0.01 A g-1 and a long-life stability of 3000 cycles at 5 A g-1 . We demonstrate that isoalloxazine moieties are active centers for reversible zinc-ion storage by using optical and photoelectron spectroscopies as well as theoretical calculations. Through molecule-structure tailoring of riboflavin, the obtained alloxazine and lumazine molecules exhibit much higher theoretical capacities of 250.3 and 326.6 mAh g-1 , respectively. Our work offers an effective redox-active moiety for aqueous zinc batteries and will enrich the valuable material pool for electrode design. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Microbially mediated decomposition of particulate organic carbon (POC) is a central component of the oceanic carbon cycle, controlling the flux of organic carbon from the surface ocean to the deep ocean. Yet, the specific microbial taxa responsible for POC decomposition and degradation in the deep ocean are still unknown. To target the active microbial lineages involved in these processes, 13 C-labeled particulate organic matter (POM) was used as a substrate to incubate particle-attached (PAM) and free-living microbial (FLM) assemblages from the epi- and bathypelagic zones of the New Britain Trench (NBT). By combining DNA stable-isotope probing and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene, we identified 14 active bacterial taxonomic groups that implicated in the decomposition of 13 C-labeled POM at low and high pressures under the temperature of 15°C. Our results show that both PAM and FLM were able to decompose POC and assimilate the released DOC. However, similar bacterial taxa in both the PAM and FLM assemblages were involved in POC decomposition and DOC degradation, suggesting the decoupling between microbial lifestyles and ecological functions. Microbial decomposition of POC and degradation of DOC were accomplished primarily by particle-attached bacteria at atmospheric pressure and by free-living bacteria at high pressures. Overall, the POC degradation rates were higher at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) than at high pressures (20 and 40 MPa) under 15°C. Our results provide direct evidence linking the specific particle-attached and free-living bacterial lineages to decomposition and degradation of diatomic detritus at low and high pressures and identified the potential mediators of POC fluxes in the epi- and bathypelagic zones. © 2020 The Authors. MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.PURPOSE This prospective study aimed to investigate the effects of transobturator tape (TOT) procedure on patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and their spouses' sexual function. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 157 patients with SUI who underwent TOT operation between January 2017 and May 2019 and their spouses were included. All patients enrolled filled out the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7), the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and patients' spouses filled out International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) before surgery and 6 months after the surgery. RESULTS The mean value of IIQ-7 and UDI-6 questionnaires in the sixth month after the TOT surgery was lower than the mean scores of these questionnaires before surgery (P  less then  .001). The mean value of the FSFI score was 21.84 ± 1.76 before the surgery and 25.43 ± 1.84 in the sixth month after the surgery (P  less then  .001). There was a significant improvement in desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain scores on the FSFI domains (P  less then  .001, less then .001, less then .001, less then .001, less then .001 and less then .05, respectively). The mean value of the IIEF-5 score of patients' spouses was 48.31 ± 5.23 before surgery and 57.87 ± 7.22 in the sixth month after the surgery (P  less then  .001). Significant improvement was observed in IIEF-5 score regarding sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, and overall satisfaction domains (P = .012, .002, and .006, respectively). CONCLUSION TOT surgery significantly improves the sexual functions of both patients and their spouses. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.Drug lag - delayed approval or reimbursement - is a major barrier to accessing cutting-edge drugs. Unlike approval lag, reimbursement lag is under-researched. We investigated the key determinants of reimbursement lag under Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI), and compared this lag to those in the United Kingdom (UK), Canada, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. Using retrospective data on 190 new NHI-reimbursed drugs from 2007-2014, we studied reimbursement lag in Taiwan versus other countries, and investigated associated factors using generalized linear models (GLM). The median reimbursement lags during before ("first-generation") and after ("second-generation") NHI drug reimbursement scheme was re-organized in Taiwan were 378 and 458 days, respectively. The "first-generation" lag was shorter only than that in South Korea, while the "second-generation" lag only exceeded those of the UK and Japan. In GLM models, higher drug expenditure and the introduction of the "second-generation" NHI were two statistically significant parameters associated with reimbursement lag among antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents. For other drug classes, the reimbursement price proposed by pharmaceutical companies and use of price-volume agreements were two statistically significant parameters associated with longer reimbursement lags. The current reimbursement lag in Taiwan is longer than one year, but only longer than those of the UK and Japan. The determinants differ between drug categories. A specific review process for antineoplastic and immunomodulating drugs may expedite reimbursement. There is a clear need for systematic data collection and analysis to ascertain factors associated with reimbursement lag and thereby inform future policy-making. 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