Accurate and rapid identification of microbiotic communities using 16S ribosomal (r)RNA sequencing is a critical task for expanding medical and clinical applications. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is widely considered a practical approach for direct application to communities without the need for in vitro culturing. In this report, a comparative evaluation of short-read (Illumina) and long-read (Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT)) platforms toward 16S rRNA sequencing with the same batch of total genomic DNA extracted from fecal samples is presented. Different 16S gene regions were amplified, bar-coded, and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq and ONT MinION sequencers and corresponding kits. Mapping of the sequenced amplicon using MinION to the entire 16S rRNA gene was analyzed with the cloud-based EPI2ME algorithm. V3-V4 reads generated using MiSeq were aligned by applying the CLC genomics workbench. More than 90% of sequenced reads generated using distinct sequencers were accurately classified at the genus or species level. The misclassification of sequenced reads at the species level between the two approaches was less substantial as expected. Taken together, the comparative results demonstrate that MinION sequencing platform coupled with the corresponding algorithm could function as a practicable strategy in classifying bacterial community to the species level.Despite an increase of literature data on Legionella spp. presence in private water systems, epidemiological reports assert a continuing high incidence of Legionnaires' disease infection in Italy. In this study, we report a survey on Legionella spp. colonization in 58 buildings with solar thermal systems for hot water production (TB). In all buildings, Legionella spp. presence was enumerated in hot and cold water samples. Microbiological potability standards of cold water were also evaluated. Legionella spp. was detected in 40% of the buildings. Moreover, we detected correlations between the count of Legionella spp. and the presence of the optimal temperature for the microorganism growth (less than 40 °C). Our results showed that cold water was free from microbiological hazards, but Legionella spp., was detected when the mean cold water temperature was 19.1 ± 2.2 °C. This may considered close to the suboptimal value for the Legionella growth (more then 20 °C). In conclusion, we observed the presence of a Legionnaires' disease risk and the need of some strategies aimed to reduce it, such as the application of training programs for all the workers involved in water systems maintenance.Oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the development and progression of retinal diseases. Retinal damage by various etiologies can result in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). n-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids and are necessary for homeostasis. They are important retinal membrane components and are involved in energy storage. n-3 fatty acids also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their suppressive effects against ROP, DR, and AMD have been previously evaluated. α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and their metabolites have been shown to alleviate retinal oxidative stress and inflammation involving various biological signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the n-3 fatty acids effects on the mechanisms of these retinal diseases and how they exert their therapeutic effects, focusing on ALA, EPA, DHA, and their metabolites. This knowledge may provide new remedial strategies for n-3 fatty acids in the prevention and treatment of retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.Haute cuisine, the cooking style for fine dining at gourmet restaurants, has changed over the last decades and can be expected to evolve in the upcoming years. To engage in foresight, the purpose of this study is to identify a plausible future trend scenario for the haute cuisine sector within the next five to ten years, based on today's chefs' views. To achieve this goal, an international, two-stage Delphi study was conducted. The derived scenario suggests that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic will lead to significant restaurant bankruptcies and will raise creativity and innovation among the remaining ones. It is expected that haute cuisine tourism will grow and that menu prices will differ for customer segments. More haute cuisine restaurants will open in Asia and America. Local food will remain a major trend and will be complemented by insect as well as plant-based proteins and sophisticated nonalcoholic food pairings. Restaurant design and the use of scents will become more relevant. Also, private dining and fine dining at home will become more important. The scenario also includes negative projections. These findings can serve as a research agenda for future research in haute cuisine, including the extension of the innovation lens towards the restaurant and the business model. Practical implications include the necessity for haute cuisine restaurants to innovate to cope with increasing competition in several regions.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jh-x-119-01.html  Customers should be seen as co-creators of the value of haute cuisine.
  eradication containing the potassium-competitive acid blocker, vonoprazan, achieves a higher eradication rate than therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Because vonoprazan is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4/5, CYP genotype may affect the eradication rate. We investigated the influence of antibiotic susceptibility and 
  and 
  genotypes on the eradication rates.
 
  A total of 307 Japanese who were genotyped for 
  *1/*22, 
  *1/*3 and 
  *1/*2/*3/*17, and investigated for susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, received vonoprazan-containing regimens (1) With amoxicillin and clarithromycin as the first-line treatment; (2) with amoxicillin and metronidazole as the second-line treatment; or (3) with amoxicillin and sitafloxacin as the third-line treatment.
 
  The eradication rate was 84.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 78.9-89.1%) using first-line, 92.6% (95% CI 82.1-97.9%) using second-line and 87.5% (95% CI 73.1-95.8%) using third-line treatment. Infection with clarithromycin-resistant strains was a predictive factor for failed eradication (odds ratio 5.