https://www.selleckchem.com/products/santacruzamate-a-cay10683.html Transbronchial diagnosis of unexposed lung tumours is challenging in clinical practice. Although modified transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is used for this purpose, the diagnostic yield is unsatisfactory. In such cases, conventional endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath and transbronchial biopsy (TBB) is also ineffective. We found TBB was feasible by placing a guide sheath with a thin transbronchial needle into the tumours. We report two cases of unexposed tumours diagnosed successfully with this technique. Case 1 presents a typical carcinoid in the peripheral lung. Case 2 presents a squamous cell carcinoma at the third bifurcation of the right lung. TBB samples obtained this way were larger than TBNA samples. Moreover, multiple TBBs were possible once the guide sheath was inserted intratumourally. In the modern era of precision medicine, larger amounts of tissues are required for multiple downstream analyses. This novel technique will make a significant contribution towards diagnosing unexposed lung tumours.Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a rare opportunistic fungal infection that commonly affects immunocompromised patients. Early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate anti-fungal therapy are crucial, as delay in diagnosis leads to increased mortality. However, the diagnosis is often challenging because of the lack of utility of serum markers and low culture sensitivity. Definitive diagnosis often requires invasive tissue sampling, which may delay treatment. Therefore, chest imaging findings play an important role in the diagnosis of suspected cases. This case highlights the importance of classic reverse halo sign and presence of necrotizing cystic changes resulting in spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient who was later found to have invasive PM.Tracheobronchial stenosis secondary to endobronchial tuberculosis (TSTB) is a rare but debilitating complication of endobronchial tuberc