https://www.selleckchem.com/products/shield-1.html Genes in the most dominant module explored by MCODE, COL1A1, THBS2, and SPP1, were primarily enriched for two KEGG pathways. Further analysis showed that all three genes could influence clinicopathological parameters and immune microenvironment, and there was a significant correlation between COL1A1, THBS2, SPP1, and PD-L1 expression, thus indicating a potential predictive role for GC response to immunotherapy. ECM-receptor interactions and focal adhesion pathways are of great significance in the progression of GC. COL1A1, THBS2, and SPP1 may help predict immunotherapy response in GC patients. ECM-receptor interactions and focal adhesion pathways are of great significance in the progression of GC. COL1A1, THBS2, and SPP1 may help predict immunotherapy response in GC patients.The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) resistance gene BPH9 encodes an unusual coiled-coil (CC) nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein with two nucleotide-binding site (NBS) domains. To understand how this CC-NBS-NBS-LRR (CNNL) protein regulates defense signaling and BPH resistance, we dissected each domain's functions. The CC domain of BPH9 self-associated and was sufficient to induce cell death. The region of 97-115 residues in the CC domain is crucial for self-association and activation. NBS2, which contains a complete set of NBS function motifs and inhibits CC domain activation, rather than NBS1, acts as a molecular switch to regulate the activity of BPH9. We demonstrated that the CC domain, the NBS domain, and the LRR domain of BPH9 associate with each other and themselves in planta. Further domain swapping experiments revealed that the CC domains of BPH9 and susceptible alleles were similarly competent to induce resistance and the hypersensitive response, while the LRR domain of BPH9 confers resistance specificity to BPH. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms governing the activity o