nt asthma.
  Massachusetts began newborn screening (NBS) for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) using measurement of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) from dried blood spots.
 
  We describe developments and outcomes from the first 10 years of this program (February 1, 2009, to January 31, 2019).
 
  TREC values, diagnostic, and outcome data from all patients screened for SCID were evaluated.
 
  NBS of 720,038 infants prompted immunologic evaluation of 237 (0.03%). Of 237, 9 were diagnosed with SCID/leaky SCID (4% of referrals vs 0.001% general population). Another 7 were diagnosed with other combined immunodeficiencies, and 3 with athymia. SCID/leaky SCID incidence was approximately 1 in 80,000, whereas approximately 1 in 51,000 had severe T-cell lymphopenia for which definitive treatment was indicated. All patients with SCID/leaky SCID underwent hematopoietic cell transplant or gene therapy with 100% survival. One patient with athymia underwent successful thymus transplant. No known cases of SCID were missed. Centage is associated with a higher risk of SCID/CID, demonstrating the utility of memory/naïve T-cell phenotyping as part of follow-up flow cytometry.Long-term retention and accumulation of heavy metals in rivers pose a great threat to the stability of ecosystems and human health. In this study, Beiyun River was taken as the example to quantitatively identify pollution sources and assess the pollution source-oriented health risk. A total of 8 heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, Cr, Cd, and Cu) in Beiyun River were measured. Ordinary kriging (OK) and inverse distance weight (IDW) methods were used to predict the distribution of heavy metals. The results showed that the OK method is more accurate, and heavy metal pollution in the midstream and downstream is much more serious than that in the upstream. Principal component analysis-multiple linear regressions (PCA-MLR) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) methods were used to quantitatively identify pollution sources. The coefficient of determination (R2) of PMF is closer to 1, and the analyzed pollution source is more refined. Furthermore, the result of source identification was imported into the health risk assessment to calculate the hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) of various pollution sources. The results showed that the HI and CR of As and Ni to local residents were serious in the Beiyun River. Industrial activities (23.0%) are considered to be the largest contribution of heavy metals in Beiyun River, followed by traffic source (17%), agricultural source (16%), and atmospheric deposition (16%). The source-oriented risk assessment indicated that the largest contribution of HI and CR is agricultural source in the Beiyun River, followed by industrial activities. This study provides a "target" for the precise control of pollution sources, which is of great significance for improving the fine management of the water environment in the basin.Aluminum (Al) toxicity severely decreases plant growth and productivity in acidic soil globally. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi can promote host plant's Al-tolerance by acting as a physical barrier or bio-filter. However, little information is available on the role of ECM fungus on Al immobilization with respect to Al-tolerance. This present study aimed to screen a promising indigenous ECM fungus with high Al-tolerance and to understand its role in Al immobilization related to Al-tolerance. Two ECM fungal strains (Lactarius deliciosus 2 and Pisolithus tinctorius 715) isolated from forest stands in Southwest China were cultured in vitro with 0.0, 1.0 or 2.0 mM Al addition for 21 days to compare their Al accumulation and Al-tolerance. Meanwhile, fungal mycelia were incubated in 0.037 mM Al3+ solutions, and then Al3+ concentrations in the solution were determined at time 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min, and the Al3+ immobilization characteristics were evaluated using the pseudo-first order, pseudo-secon bio-concentration on Al3+, active site numbers for Al3+, boundary layer thickness, CEC, and immobilization on the cell wall in fungal mycelia were involved in ECM fungal Al-tolerance. These results show that both ECM fungi are Al-tolerant while L. deliciosus 2 is a promising indigenous ECM isolate with higher Al-tolerance in Southwest China, and they can be hence applied to the afforestation and ecological restoration in acidic soil.The associations of vanadium exposure with hypertension risk in animal studies are inconsistent. Furthermore, epidemiologic studies on this topic are scarce. We aimed to assess the associations of vanadium exposure with hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels in a general Chinese population. We measured urinary vanadium concentrations in 1867 participants to evaluate their internal exposure levels.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/oxidopamine-hydrobromide.html  The associations of urinary vanadium concentrations, categorized into quartiles or treated as continuous variables by logarithm transformation (log2), with hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels were assessed by the multivariable logistic and linear regression models, respectively. We used the restricted cubic spline model to evaluate the dose-response relationship. Compared with the bottom quartile of vanadium, participants in the third and fourth quartile had an adjusted odds ratio of 2.04 (95% CI1.40, 2.96) and 2.08 (95% CI1.42, 3.06) for hypertension, with a linear dose-response relationship. The corresponding number for a doubling of vanadium concentrations was 1.25 (95% CI1.12, 1.39). Besides, a doubling of vanadium concentrations was associated with a 0.66 (95% CI 0.01, 1.31) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.50, 1.31) mm Hg increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure level, respectively. Vanadium exposure was associated with increased hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels. Prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings in other populations.
  The ideal surgical treatment of long head of biceps pathology is unclear. This review evaluates Level I studies comparing tenotomy and tenodesis for the management of long head of biceps pathology.
 
  Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from database inception though April 17, 2020. Clinical outcomes including Constant-Murley Shoulder Outcome Score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES) shoulder score, pain on visual analog scale, postoperative strength, and Popeye deformity were evaluated. Dichotomous outcomes were pooled into relative risk ratios whereas continuous outcomes were pooled into weighted mean differences using random effects meta-analysis.
 
  A total of 5 studies (227 tenotomy and 227 tenodesis patients) met the final inclusion criteria. Postoperative improvement across all outcomes was observed regardless of surgical treatment. Pooled analysis demonstrated no statistically significant difference for Constant-Murley Shoulder Outcome Score, ASES, pain, or flexion strength.