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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/hth-01-015.html 1 µm diameter. 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that microbiota shifts were related to both treatment (native versus MW) and dietary fiber type with many butyrogenic species being promoted by xylan A-MW. Overall, MW treatment enhanced insoluble dietary fiber fermentability promoting increased SCFAs production and bacterial shifts which are related to health benefits.Infant́s gut microbiota can be modulated by many factors, including mode of delivery, feeding regime, maternal diet/weight and probiotic and prebiotic consumption. The gut microbiota in dysbiosis has been associated with innumerous diseases. In this sense, early childhood intestinal microbiome modulation can be a strategy for disease prevention. This study had the purpose to evaluate the effect of an infant cereal with probiotic (Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12®) on infant́s intestinal microbiota using SHIME®, which simulates human gastrointestinal conditions. The ascending colon was inoculated with fecal microbiota from three children (2-3 years old). NH4+, short chain fatty acids (SCFASs) and microbiota composition were determined by selective ion electrode, GC/MS and 16S sequencing, respectively. After treatment, butyric acid production increased (p less then 0.05) 52% and a decrease in NH4+ production was observed (p less then 0.01). The treatment stimulated an increase (p less then 0.01) of Lactobacillaceae families, more precisely L. gasseri and L. kefiri. L. gasseri has been associated with the prevention of allergic rhinitis in children and L. kefiri in the prevention of obesity. Thus, infant cereal with BB-12® is able to stimulate the growth of L. gasseri and L. kefiri in a beneficial way, reducing NH4+ and increasing the production of SCFAs, especially butyric acid, in SHIME®.Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been widely used as an analytical chemistry technique to investigate the molecular structure and conformation of polysa

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