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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/triparanol-mer-29.html Colorectal cancer (CRC), a common malignancy, is among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Developing novel biomarkers is an important public health strategy to effectively reduce the mortality of this disease. Recent studies have found that exosomes may be important sources of biomarkers in CRC. Exosomes are nanometer-sized membrane vesicles (30-200 nm) secreted by normal or cancer cells, which participate in intercellular communication by transporting RNAs and proteins. Accumulating evidence has shown that some differentially expressed RNAs and proteins in exosomes play key roles in the initiation and development of CRC and are potential candidates for malignancy detection. Accordingly, exploring the correlation between these exosomes and CRC may be beneficial for the development of novel biomarkers in this disease. Here, we summarize the important roles of exosomes as biomarkers in CRC diagnosis, as well as the application in the metastasis, chemoresistance, and recrudescence of CRC. In particular, we discuss the prospects and limitations of exosomes as tumor markers. Gliomas are intrinsic brain tumors that originate from neuroglial progenitor cells. Conventional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have achieved limited improvements in the prognosis of glioma patients. Immunotherapy, a revolution in cancer treatment, has become a promising strategy with the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier since the pioneering discovery of lymphatics in the central nervous system. Here we detail the current management of gliomas and previous studies assessing different immunotherapies in gliomas, despite the fact that the associated clinical trials have not been completed yet. Moreover, several drugs that have undergone clinical trials are listed as novel strategies for future application; however, these clinical trials have indicated limited efficacy in glioma. Th

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