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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mek162.html p19 , primarily known as a tumor suppressor, has also been reported to play an essential role in normal development of mouse eyes. Consistently, lack of p19 has been associated with ocular defects, but the mixed background of the knockout (KO)mouse strain used raised a concern on the accuracy of the phenotypes observed in association with the targeted gene due to genetic heterogeneity. We carried out astudy to investigate into the effect of genetic background on the manifestation of p19 KO associated phenotypes. We characterized the phenotypes of novel p19 KO mouse lines generated in FVB/N and C57BL/6J using a transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) system in comparison to the reported phenotypes of three other p19 -deficient mouse lines generated using homologous recombination. Ninety-five percent of FVB/N-p19 KO mice showed ocular opacity from week 4 after birth which worsened rapidly until week 6, while such abnormality was absent in C57BL/6J-p19 KO mice up to the age of26weeks. Histopathological analysis revealed retrolental masses and dysplasia in the retinal layer in FVB/N-p19 KO mice from week 4. Besides these, both strains developed normally from birth to week 26 without increased tumorigenesis except for a subcutaneous tumor found in a C57BL/6J-p19 KO mouse. Our findings demonstrated surprisingly variable manifestation of p19 -linked phenotypes between FVB/N and C57BL/6J mice, and furthermore between our mouse lines and the established lines, indicating a critical impact of genetic background on functional study of genes using gene targeting strategies in mice. Our findings demonstrated surprisingly variable manifestation of p19arf-linked phenotypes between FVB/N and C57BL/6J mice, and furthermore between our mouse lines and the established lines, indicating a critical impact of genetic background on functional study of genes using gene targeting strategies in mice. Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a

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