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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Adrucil(Fluorouracil).html Conclusion The new score using the EC performed the best in predicting in-hospital mortality for most situations. For hospital charges and LOS, the binary variables of the GC showed the best results. The outcome-specific comorbidity scores should be considered for different outcomes.Objective To examine the analytic approach of meta-analyses that include non-inferiority or equivalence (NI/EQ) trials. Study design and setting We used Scopus to identify meta-analyses including NI/EQ trials. We extracted data from the meta-analyses and their included RCTs. We used the RCT's NI/EQ margins to re-interpret the results of the meta-analyses, assessed for risk of biases unique to NI/EQ trials, and evaluated the consistency of the meta-analysis interpretation when using NI/EQ margins. Results We identified 38 unique meta-analyses including 515 RCTs, of which 125 (24.3%) were NI/EQ trials. Fourteen meta-analyses (36.8%) reported the study design of their included trials but only one (2.6%) interpreted their pooled estimates using NI/EQ margins and none assessed for risks of bias unique to NI/EQ trials. Nearly all NI/EQ trials (n=116, 92.8%) included in the meta-analyses reported NI/EQ margins. The meta-analyses of 30 outcomes were re-interpreted using the NI/EQ margins; re-interpretations conflicted with the conclusion of the meta-analyses in most cases (n=20, 66.7%). Conclusion Most meta-analyses including NI/EQ trials ignore trial design and do not assess risks of bias unique to NI/EQ studies. Meta-analyses addressing questions previously explored as NI/EQ should conduct a NI/EQ meta-analysis or use clear language when performing standard (i.e. superiority) meta-analyses.Catastrophic pandemics since the 17th century appear to have spurred innovative methods, concepts, and institutions in epidemiology•The plague, cholera, tuberculosis, influenza, and HIV/AIDS left a longstanding imprints on epidemiologic methods

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