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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD2281(Olaparib).html Nanostructured metals with designable and controllable structure have received increasing attention in surface enhance Raman scattering (SERS) due to single molecular detection limmit. While great challenge remains in creating large scale substrate with high-density "hotspots" to provide uniform and stable enhancement of Raman signals. Here, we fabricated copper island thin film over eighty square centimeter-scale substrate with tunable particle sizes by combining sputtering with dealloying processes. The island size can be tailored from 150 nm to 370 nm by controlling parameters and etching conditions, and with optimized surface morphology structure. The detection limit of Crystal violet (CV) molecule reached 0.1 pM. Meanwhile, the copper island thin film presents good homogeneity and stability. Our method is promising to repeatedly fabricate novel metal SERS substrates in large scale with standard properties for sensing applications. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.The rapid emergence of new measurement instruments and methods requires personnel and researchers of different disciplines to know the correct statistical methods to utilize to compare their performance with reference ones and properly interpret findings. We discuss the often-made mistake of applying the inappropriate correlation and regression statistical approaches to compare methods and then explain the concepts of agreement and reliability. Then, we introduce the intraclass correlation as a measure of inter-rater reliability, and the Bland-Altman plot as a measure of agreement, and we provide formulae to calculate them, along with illustrative examples, for different types of study designs, specifically, single measurement per subject, repeated measurement while the true value is constant, and repeated measurement when the true value is not constant. We emphasize the requirement to validate the assumptions of these statistical approaches, and als

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