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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/LBH-589.html The virulent clade I strains encoded two clusters of type IV secretion systems, while clade II and III strains encoded only one cluster. Clade I and II strains encoded one more VgrG/PAAR spike protein than clade III. Thus, we predicted that the presence of additional virulence-related genes may have enabled the unique clade I strain to become predominant source in the USA outbreak.Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) is a widely cultivated dicotyledonous perennial plant with woody vines (Asande et al. 2020). In November 2020, leaf blight was observed on leaves of P. edulis (cultivar 'Panama Red') newly planted in Wangyou, Huishui county, Guizhou province, China (25°82'57" N, 106°50'49" E). The leaf blight occurred on both young and old leaves, starting from the margins, and then extended to the entire leaves. The color of the affected tissue was brown with a yellow hallo in the early period, and then gradually turned to grey. The disease incidence was 60%-70% on a 0.08-ha field. Following isolation of the potential pathogen from 12 diseased leaves, nine isolates were obtained. The colonies were white with a regular round shape at the early stage and became black with fluffy hyphae after eight days on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, incubated at 25°C in the dark for 10 days. The single cell conidia were solitary, spherical or slightly ellipsoidal, black, shiny, smooth, aseptate, sps (cultivar 'Panama Red'). The same number of leaves from control group plants was only treated with 0.05% Tween buffer. All plants were incubated at 26°C ± 2°C under a 16 h/8 h photoperiod and 70%-75% relative humidity (RH) after inoculation. After 14 days, symptomatic blight appeared on all inoculated leaves. In contrast, no symptoms appeared on leaves in the control group. The disease assays were repeated three times. Pure cultures were re-isolated from diseased leaves and confirmed to be N. sphaerica based on the morphological and m

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