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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/kribb11.html Anal stenosis (AS) is rare but a severe complication of anal surgery. Most often it develops after hemorrhoidectomy [1, 2]. Depending on the grade of stenosis it may be mild, moderate or severe. Most of the severe type stenosis require surgical anoplasty. There are several commonly used flap types such as Y-V, V-Y, lateral, diamond-shaped and house-type flaps [3]. Previous studies have shown a success rate of House flap of up to 90% [4]. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The decrease in contractility in myocardium adjacent (border zone; BZ) to a myocardial infarction (MI) is correlated with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that injection of a thermoresponsive hydrogel, with ROS scavenging properties, into the MI would decrease ROS and improve BZ function. Fourteen sheep underwent antero-apical MI. Seven sheep had a comb-like copolymer synthesized from N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAAm) and 1,500 MW methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, (NIPAAm-PEG1500), injected (20 × 0.5 mL) into the MI zone 40 minutes after MI (MI + NIPAAm-PEG1500) and seven sheep were MI controls. Cardiac MRI was performed 2 weeks before and 6 weeks after MI + NIPAAm-PEG1500. BZ wall thickness at end systole was significantly higher for MI + NIPAAm-PEG1500 (12.32 ± 0.51 mm/m2 MI + NIPAAm-PEG1500 vs. 9.88 ± 0.30 MI; p = 0.023). Demembranated muscle force development for BZ myocardium 6 weeks after MI was significantly higher for MI + NIPAAm-PEG1500 (67.67 ± 2.61 mN/m2 MI + NIPAAm-PEG1500 vs. 40.53 ± 1.04 MI; p  less then  0.0001) but not significantly different from remote myocardium or BZ or non-operated controls. Levels of ROS in BZ tissue were significantly lower in the MI + NIPAAm-PEG1500 treatment group (hydroxyl p = 0.0031; superoxide p = 0.0182). We conclude that infarct injection of the NIPAAm-PEG1500 hydrogel with ROS scavenging properties decreased ROS and improved contractile prot

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