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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ad80.html Gross total resection was attempted in all patients. However, two of 3 patients with fourth ventricle floor invasion had subtotal resection with a thin layer of tumor left on the floor. The remaining 6 had a gross total resection. Six patients with preoperative hydrocephalus had a perioperative external ventricular drainage but none required permanent shunting after tumor resection. None showed recurrence/tumor progression without adjuvant therapy during the follow-up period of 20 months to 11 years. CONCLUSION Infratentorial dominance among pediatric CPTs in this series contradicts previous reports. Infratentorial CPTs are amenable to surgical resection. Unresected small residuals due to invasion to the fourth ventricle floor showed no regrowth during 2 to 3 years follow-up without adjuvant therapy. However, these patients with incomplete resection need watchful observations.BACKGROUND Oropharyngeal dysphagia is widespread in geriatric patients and is nearly always multicausal. It is often insufficiently recognized and leads to severe complications. The available and established screening tools all focus primarily on patients with neurological diseases, usually following a stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS The working group on dysphagia of the German Society of Geriatrics (DGG), which is comprised of physicians, speech and language therapists and dysphagia therapists, performed a literature review on dysphagia screening tools. Based on the results of the literature search and own experience, a new screening instrument suitable for geriatric patients was developed and agreed by the consensus group. RESULTS The new screening instrument for the detection of oropharyngeal dysphagia in geriatric patients consists of three parts 1) consciousness and posture control while sitting, 2) ability to swallow saliva and to cough as well as tongue motility and 3) the water swallowing test. The screening can be applied by trained medical p

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