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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tideglusib.html These findings reveal the subtle way that females can alter patterns of selection, with the implication that overlooking environmentally moderated changes to sperm, may result in erroneous interpretations of how selection targets phenotypic (co)variation in sperm traits. © 2020 European Society For Evolutionary Biology. Journal of Evolutionary Biology © 2020 European Society For Evolutionary Biology.BACKGROUND Hearing loss (HL) is one of the most influential risk factors of dementia in older adults. However, its potential association with neurodegeneration is not well established. We evaluated the association between HL and cortical thickness in cognitively normal older adults. METHODS We identified 982 cognitively normal older adults (age ≥ 65 years) from the Health Promotion Center at the Samsung Medical Center from September 2008 to December 2014. The participants underwent pure tone audiometry and brain MRI. HL was evaluated according to a four-frequency (0.5, 1, 2, 4 KHz) pure tone average (PTA). Participants were divided into three groups according to the PTA (normal hearing ≤15 dB, minimal HL 16-25 dB, mild-to-severe HL >25dB). Cortical thickness in the HL groups were compared with that of the normal hearing group. RESULTS In women, right ear HL was associated with cortical thinning the minimal HL group showed cortical thinning in the left frontal and bilateral occipital areas and the mild-to-severe HL group showed cortical thinning in the bilateral frontal, right temporal, and bilateral occipital areas when compared to the normal hearing group. In men, there was no significant association between HL in either side and cortical thickness. CONCLUSION In older women, right ear HL is associated with neurodegeneration even in a cognitively normal state. Therefore, managing HL especially in older women may be an effective strategy for dementia prevention. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserv

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